| Background: In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) has done on the health implications of the definition of science: "Health is a physical, psychological and social aspects of good condition, not just the absence of disease and the weak state." With the socio-economic, scientific and technological development, it is recognized that not only biological factors, social environment, lifestyle and psychological factors also affect the individual and population health. With the deterioration of the environment and the appearance of aging, public health is faced with enormous challenges, and health education and health promotion for the emergence of the theory put forward new ideas and strategies. Health education make people grasp the health knowledge, to develop the individual, collective and community a healthy lifestyle beneficial, in a planned, purposeful, organized through various means, and to promote physical and mental health, moral health and social adaptive capacity of the all-round development. With the change in the modern medical model, health education is an important health care component. Whether in hospital or community-oriented health education, Health education have important practical significance on the rehabilitation of patients, quality of life as well as improving the quality of national health.Health literacy is an important health education component. If health education is a means, then the health literacy is the goal of health education. The level of civic literacy affect the health of the community as a whole health and social citizenship status of the health system. American Medical Institute published a report on health literacy in 2004. Community health promotion Sixth General Assembly adopted the "Global Health Promotion of The Bangkok Charter" in 2005, and to improve health literacy as an important health promotion actions and goals. China's Ministry of Health issued a notice, "a Chinese citizen health literacy - basic knowledge and skills (for trial implementation)" in 2008. Objective: (1) To reveals the level of college freshmen' health literacy and the the basic status quo to obtain health literacy information; (2) To provide provide content and reference of health education for colleges and universities.Methods: Use overall sampling method. First of all, carry out random in Changsha City in the 46 colleges and universities. The number of foreign students is greater than or equal to 300, provinces and cities in the scope of students is greater than or equal to 15 provinces and municipalities (not including Hunan) as the standard. To one, two, three and four levels of specialist types of colleges and universities the proportion of 4:6:3:9 and the ratio of men to women to select six colleges and universities. Survey include the survey basic statistical population variables (like sex, age, parental education level, provincial and municipal sources, etc.), the three parts of the health literacy (the basic knowledge of health literacy, the healthy lifestyles and behavior, the basic skills of health literacy) and quality survey to obtain health-related information. This questionnaire be revised questionnaire according to the Chinese CDC questionnaire, Meet the needs of college freshmen in line with the development of the questionnaire.Results: 1. Gender on health literacy levels.The study found that the level of health literacy, health literacy level of basic knowledge of has no significant statistical significance the differences between different sexes (F=0.265, 0.000, P>0.05), A healthy lifestyle and behavior, as well as basic health literacy skills in terms of gender differences between the statistical significance (F= 6.384, 9.772, P<0.05), Girls in a healthy way of life and the level of behavior than boys in high boys in the basic skills, health literacy level higher than girls.2. Colleges and Universities category of health literacy levels. Between different types of colleges and universities to investigate the object in the level of health literacy, health literacy level of basic knowledge and basic skills levels of health literacy have a statistically significant difference (F = 14.819,15.389,37.481, P <0.05). A college level for more than three other types of colleges and universities than the high level of the two types of colleges and universities more than three levels and three types of colleges and universities with high levels of specialist and one, two, three, specialist college newborn health literacy, health literacy and health literacy a basic knowledge of basic skills scores have a downward trend.3. Students in college entrance examination (eastern, central and western) on the level of health Hteracy.Between students of different college entrance examination, survey the level of health literacy, health literacy level of basic skills have a statistically significant difference (F = 3.696,15.558, P <0.05), whole, health literacy level of the central region, a basic knowledge of health literacy the level of basic skills and health of the lower level, while the east and west no significant difference between the statistical significance.4.Different types of accounts the impact of the level of health literacy.Between different types of accounts, survey the level of health literacy, health literacy level of basic knowledge, basic skills level of health literacy have a statistically significant difference (F = 3.696,9.38,13.518, P <0.05). Generally speaking, rural and township health literacy level of students than students in towns and cities the level of health literacy, health literacy level of basic knowledge, health, low levels of basic skills of literacy.5.Parental education level of educational attainment on the health literacy.Parents of different education level, health literacy survey of the difference between the level of statistical significance (F = 9.705,5.311, P <0.05), parental education for primary and junior high school survey, a relatively low health literacy, with his parents to improve education, health literacy survey of the level of an upward trend.6.parents of occupational on health literacy levels. Varying levels of parental occupational, health literacy survey of the difference between the level of statistical significance (F = 3.077,3.077, P <0.05). Career for his father cadres, technical personnel of the health survey of higher quality, the father of occupational for farmers, the unemployed and laid-off workers survey the lower level of health literacy; mothers career for medical workers, teachers, technical staff of the health survey higher literacy level, the mother of occupational workers, peasants, the unemployed and laid-off workers survey the lower levelof health literacy.Conclusion: Health literacy scores of college freshmen with a basic knowledge of health literacy score, a healthy lifestyle and behavior, as well as basic health literacy skills are highly relevant to the relationship between the (P are less than or equal to 0.01), respectively, the correlation coefficient R = 0.8801,0.7605,0.6074, which health literacy score and health-related quality of basic knowledge of the highest scores, the correlation coefficient R as high as 0.8801.Basic knowledge of health literacy scores and a healthy lifestyle and behavior of high correlation between scores (P≤0.01), but not high correlation coefficient, R = 0.4056, a basic knowledge of health literacy and health literacy scores between the basic skills there are also a high degree of correlation between ( P≤0.01), but not high correlation coefficient, R = 0.4182. Healthy lifestyle behaviors and health literacy and basic skills are highly relevant to the relationship between (P≤0.01), but a very small correlation coefficient, R = 0.3443. Survey of the relatively low level of health literacy, health literacy level affected by many factors, but this study only if the demographic variables such as gender, parental education and vocational education and so on, factors that other studies have yet to be further explored.
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