The Study Of The Chemical Observation Approach Based On Classroom Instructional Design

The education of scientific method started in the eighties of last century in civil. The educators have established relatively perfect educational system of scientific method based on their great effort during the past 30 years, but how to promote the learners to master scientific methods in many ways has always been the focus of the practice study.The new curriculum highlights the goal of "the process and the method", and emphasizes the combination of them. The aims of science are describing and interpreting the world, and the most basic approaches of science are the observation and the experiment (draw support from observation). As the key to obtain information, the observation is not only the starting point of studying and researching, but also runs through the whole process of middle school chemistry. Refer to the chemistry teaching in secondary school, How to make the students master the scientific observation and gain powers of observation have always been the basic mission and objectives. As a matter of fact, the actual situation is not optimistic.The process of design is also a process of problem- solving. At present, the classroom teaching is considered the most important form in organizing teaching. At the same time, the classroom instructional design can focus on a question, a fragment or a skill, and has become a strategy which can be used in the education of scientific method as a reference.During the study ,we use more than one method to explore , such as literature search, questionnaire and so on .We propose the basic frame of this study on the bases of different theories , such as Psychology, the scientific methodology, scientific methods of education and instructional design. At the same time, we also reference the characters of chemistry subject.Concerning the country's education situation and the Age's background, the study defines some concepts based on the theories of Observational Learning and the Constructivism. We also take the results which come from the scientific observation and the ability of observation home and abroad into consideration.Then, we study the embodiment and integration of scientific methods of observing during the chemical learning and teaching, and analyze the influencing factors of teaching observation, learning the characteristics of the observation and the classroom teaching, and so on. In addition, the chemistry teaching of middle school and the scientific observation of the compulsory education stage and general upper secondary education stage was considered as the center.Finally, we design the classroom cases which give prominence to the teaching about the methods of observation according to the framework, and put it into practice. The study also provides the concrete cases got in the practice to display and revise the process of design. Via the analysis of the information about the practice, we clear the questions from the students, the teachers, and the design itself. At the end of the study, we put forward a number of corresponding recommendations.