The Effect Of Social Stratification On Entrance Opportunity Of Pre-school Education

Education equity has caught a widely public concern recently along with the progress of our society. People concerned about the equity of compulsory education and higher education, but the few turn their attention to the pre-school education equity. Actually, pre-school education is the foundation of basic education, which is the pre-school education equity is the beginning of the education equity. The inequity of education opportunity when pre-school will always accompany the whole education period for a child. And this inequity will be enlarged gradually and finally cause social stratification for the next generation, even arises the wealth gap and affects the stability of our society. Based on the importance of the equality of opportunity for the pre-school education, this paper attempts to examine the status of the pre-school education opportunity in the urban areas of China and explore the economic and social resources in possession of the family situation for the influence of the pre-school education enrollment opportunity from the perspective of social stratification.Part I is the introduction which is presented the background and significance, sorted out the relevant references and designed the research.Part II is the theory analysis about the influence of social stratification on the pre-school education opportunity. It reviews the classical theory of social stratification, analysis social stratification on the impact of educational opportunity and further explores the mechanism.Part III is the empirical analysis of social stratification for the pre-school education opportunity. The pre-school education opportunity in Wuhan city was empirically investigated by self questionnaires. Results of the investigation show that the divergence of the pre-school education opportunity in urban areas was great and the family's professional background, economic background, cultural background, geographical background will be directly or indirectly affect the pre-school education opportunity. At the top of the family, they have the opportunity to enroll the superior pre-school through the advantages of economic and social resources. At the bottom of the family, their children are often excluded from the high-quality pre-school education resources, which the economic factor plays an important role in the excluding.Part IV is the measures about promoting the equity of the pre-school education enrollment opportunity. In this paper, protecting the equity of the pre-school education opportunity requires the strongly intervention by the state, the reasonable construction of social class institutions, the establishment of compensation mechanisms for vulnerable groups, proper allocation of resources in the pre-school education. Proper allocation of resources and resetting the pre-school education system is the focus.