The Reform Of Pensions System In The Background Of Aging Of Population In Japan

The level of economic development among China's regions is vary greatly, the resulting construction of old-age insurance system for regional differences, hindering the healthy development of the market economy, but also harming the legitimate interests of the people. In order to establish and improve the whole society and members of the basic pension insurance system to protect people's life, safeguard social stability and promote healthy and rapid development of the national economy is the current urgent task of reform and development.Japanese pension funds and pension facing our country is very similar to the background, are faced with the rapid aging of the 21st century has brought unprecedented challenges to the pension to continue the existing pension system will not be able to smoothly cross the peak of aging, so are In the start reform. Statistics show that more than 60 years after 2030 the older population is projected to increase to 400 million around 2050, every three individuals in China have an old. So far, my pension has presented a serious imbalance of payments situation, and to pay more and more obvious crisis. Payment of pension in 2005, China has reached 400 billion. The World Bank in May 2005 released a report on China's future pension payments gap study, from 2001 to 2075, China's basic old-age insurance payments gap will reach 9.15 trillion. In recent years, the fund from the Japanese perspective is a more successful operation effect, while China's pension reform from the original 80s from the 20th century, the current pay-as part of the accumulation system to change the system, but for various reasons so that part of the accumulation of system flow in form, is essentially a pay system, which will be detrimental to the smooth transition to the peak aging. So, can draw on the success of Japan's pension reform experience, and according to China's actual situation, improve our pension management.This paper analyzes the Japanese population aging, population aging on the impact of pension system and pension system reform in Japan based on the proposed pension system on the perfection of the proposal. Paper is divided into five parts.The first part of the main topics elaborated the purpose and significance, status, description of population aging on Japan and abroad and the reform of the pension system. The second part is mainly from Japan, the process of population aging, trends and characteristics of three aspects of population aging in Japan's development process. The third part is the focus of this article, mainly from the Japanese pension system start, combined with aging of the population status of the aging of the Japanese pension system. Aging can be seen under the Japanese pension payments challenges encountered. Based on this, Japan is facing a choice of active and effective reform measures to make pension system can achieve long-term sustainable operation. Article IV of the reform of Japan's pension system analysis, including the reform process and the specific content of the reform of the Japanese pension system assessment. The fifth part, the Japanese pension system reform on China. This part mainly through the analysis of the pension system problems during construction, and Japan, the useful experience of pension reform, reached enlightenment, to look forward to improve our pension system reform.China's current pension system, for the development of production, protection of life, stability and played a positive role in society. However, in recent years, various aspects of China's happening the big changes, in particular, with the further progress of economic reform, from the principle of building a harmonious society, has severely not suited to an aging population and the economic restructuring of the development. On the one hand, a pay system not suitable for long-term implementation in China, Because the "pay as you go"although relatively simple to operate, but in essence the problem is only temporarily put off, did not find a solution to the problem lies, not only the future will go wrong sooner or later, and in fact even now difficult to the sustain. On the other hand, China's fund management, oversight bodies are not perfect, old-age insurance coverage small. Since the implementation of social planning in China has essentially taken the operation of the system is "by region, sub-sectors, units" approach, all localities and industries decentralized management. The mandatory collection is not fully reflected the lack of effective supervision earmarking. Endowment insurance now allow "urban enterprises employees" to participate, and must participate. Old-age insurance of farmers in the developed coastal areas than the success of the pilot, other are in name but not actually. Accounting for 71% of the population excluded from the pension insurance farmers outside the old-age insurance is difficult to reflect the nature of social insurance, it is hardly fair. The construction process of China's pension system, there are still many deficiencies, coverage is small, the lack of certain management and administrative forces alone can receive immediate effect although, But the long run, will certainly damage the health development of the system. Sake of the country's pension system more robust, more in line with social development, need to learn from other countries in endowment insurance, the successful experience, and for their own conditions, carried out appropriate reforms and perfect.