Development And Application Of The Preschool Teachers' Psychological Contract Questionnaire

Preschool teachers' psychological contract refers to the mutual obligation perceived by preschool teachers among the reciprocal relationships of preschool teachers and preschools. It includes two facets:preschools obligation to preschool teachers and preschool teachers obligation to preschools. Compared to economic contract, psychological contract is also a dominant factor in determining the attitude and behavior of preschool teachers towards preschools although most of the contents of psychological contract are ambiguous and implicit. Psychological contract, therefore, is the important theory evidence of preschool management.Purpose:First, to develop a Preschool Teachers'Psychological Contract Questionnaire. Second, to explore the structure and contents of the preschool teachers' psychological contract. Third, to explore the inner relationships of the preschool teachers'psychological contract. And last, to analyze the influences of the main demographic variables to the preschool teachers'psychological contract.Procedure:First, we compiled the items of Preschool Teachers'Psychological Contract Questionnaire according to literature review, interview, and open questionnaire investigation, and then established the item store. After that, we invited many preschool teachers, psychologists, graduate students of the preschool education and psychology to evaluate each dimensionality and item, and then we had designed the original questionnaire according to their advice. In the prepared study, we had extracted three factors, namely normal obligation, developmental obligation and interpersonal obligation according to the results of Explore Factor Analysis. This structure is very clear and accord with our frame of reference. In the formal study, we analyzed the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The results of analysis show that the reliability and validity of the Preschool Teachers'Psychological Contracts Questionnaire are very good, which can act as the measurement tool of the preschool teachers'psychological contracts. At last we studied the actuality of preschool teachers'psychological contracts of Zhejiang province according to the formal study data, and analyzed the inner relationships of the preschool teachers'psychological contracts. We also discussed the influences of the main demographic variables to the preschool teachers' psychological contract.Conclusion:First, preschool teachers'psychological contract includes two facets: "preschool obligation to teacher" and "teacher obligation to preschool". They both include normal obligation, developmental obligation and interpersonal obligation. Second, the structure of preschool teachers' psychological contract is reasonable, and its reliability and validity are very good. It can be a tool to measure the preschool teachers'psychological contract, which incarnated the culture characteristics of our country and the particularity of preschool teacher. Third, interpersonal obligation of preschool have a high prediction to the three obligations of preschool teachers; development obligation of preschool and preschool teachers have a high prediction to each other; interpersonal obligation of preschool and preschool teachers have a high prediction to each other; developmental obligation of preschool have a negative high prediction to the normal obligation of preschool teachers. Fourth, the following factors have important influences upon teachers'psychological contract: age, teaching age, education background, professional title, annual revenues, preschool type and labor relations type. And the ranks of preschool and marriage status do not influence the teachers' psychological contract.