The Experimental Study Of Ball Exercise Program For Secondary School Students' Fitness Effect

Aiming at present situation that hear and lung function of high school student is declining ,combining with school physical education development and characteristics of student physical and psychological development, this research designed a ball exercise program suitable to develop students heart and lung functions according to exercise requirements and methods. Our experiment objects are 120 junior middle school students chosen from 3 classes. By comparing test data and index before and after the experiment, this research analyzed the effects of ball exercise on student fitness and then validated its rationality.Results:1. In our program, the male-team is conducted with of basket ball exercise, while the female team with exercise of badminton; both teams with exercise load intensity of average heart rate of 145-155 beats / min and self-sense of scale of between 13₁5, exercising for each 1 hour, 4 times a week, 10 weeks, basically to meet the fitness demands of aerobic exercise.2. After exercising for 10 weeks, index which can indicate heart functions for example SV,SI,CO,CI were improved with prominent difference.3. After males exercised for 10 weeks, the two groups'BMI index increased but the control group changed significantly or experimental group did not change significantly. Increasing in body fat rate of the control group showed significant difference experimental group's increasing was not significant. Compared with two groups it found that only the hip ratio from the control group decreased very significantly; BMI and body fat rate of female experimental and control groups was increased significantly. Meanwhile, waist to hip ratio of the experimental group was significantly decreased.4. After 10 weeks of training, resting heart rate of the experimental group boys and girls decreased significantly; vital capacity and step test increased significantly. Indexes of the control group did not change significantly. Experimental group compared to control group boys'heart rate significantly decreased, step test increased significantly; girls FVC changed significantly.5. After exercising for 10 weeks, index which indicate strength and flexibility of male students upper limbs were increased, while index to indicate 1000-meter endurance of the experimental group, compared with the control group decreased with prominent difference; all index of female group are improved with prominent difference.Conclusion: 1. This ball exercise program accords with fitness exercise requirements in project selection, load intensity, exercise time, and movement frequency, it also contents students'interests. This program is a practical exercise program that can improve students'health.2. This training program can effectively reduce the quiet heart rate, increase lung capacity and improve step test index, referring to cardiovascular index, this program is also proved to effectively enhance student's heart and lung functions.3. By analyzing index change before and after conduction of this program, it is found that this program can not improve male's body significantly, while it can decrease fat accumulation in female's waist and belly so to keep female's slim body shape.4. This program can improve the strength, flexibility and duration of upper limbs of the students.