| Radix Aconiti with a long history in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which as functions of dispelling wind and eliminate dampness, warming meridian and analgesic. It is cultivated on Sichuan, yunnan, shanxi and other places. Jiangyou of sichuan province is the genuine production area. While Radix Aconiti has strong toxicity, usually need to use after processing. There are many kinds of processing method about Radix Aconiti from ancient to modern, such as roast, fry, steaming, boiling, add adjuvant or not, and so on. Steaming and boiling are the common methods now. Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 record "Take some clean Radix Aconiti, separate them by the size, soak for a few hours to without dry heart, then take them out, boiling 4-6 hours or steaming 6-8 hours until them without white heart and a little hemp tongue tastes, take them out again, dry-sixty percent, sectioning and dry again." Processing methods of Radix Aconiti also are recorded on the national and local processing standard. Although there are a lot of records on Radix Aconiti, they are differences. The quality control of prepared decoction pieces with more subjective control, lead to the difference between them. In order to reducing the toxicity caused the phenomenon of processing excessive. In this article, through the experimental study of Aconiti Radix Cocta to analysis the influence factors of the quality in the processing. Find solutions to guarantee the stable and controllable quality of prepared decoction pieces.The research includes two parts, and the results are follows:Part 1 OverviewThe processing methods of Radix Aconiti from ancient to modern had been collected. The factors of producing area had been analyzed. The process control methods and the material basis had been summarized. These were very important to next experimental study. At the same time lay a foundation for analysis of the influencing factors on the quality of the slices. In order to understand the modern clinical use of Radix Aconiti, the prescriptions with it in Chinese Pharmacopoeia had been gathered.Part 2 Experimental Study1. The quality research of Aconiti Radix Cocta in different producing area and batches by the pilot scale experiment.In order to find the influential factors of stable quality,10 batches of Aconiti Radix Cocta had been researched through the pilot scale experiment.The pilot scale experiment finished at Jiangyou of sichuan province. Six kinds of alkaloids of mesaconitine, hypaconitine, aconitine, benzoyl mesaconine, benzoyl aconine, benzoyl hypaconine in 10 batches Radix Aconiti from Sichuan-jiangyou and shanxi-hanzhong were detected by using HPLC, and the fingerprints were established. The results show that the differences between different regions of the original medicinal materials. There are differences after processing too. So the process parameters should be adjusted according to the alkaloid content in Radix Aconiti.It could not ensure the quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta only by traditional experience. And it was worth studying that by extending heating time to control the alkaloid content.2. Researching on the influence factors of the quality of Aconiti Radix CoctaThe influence factors of the quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta were researched based on the pilot scale experiment. The different years’original medicinal materials of Radix Aconiti were studied. The heating methods and heating time were studied. At last, the cause was summed up. It included the following points:the quality of original medicinal materials, the methods of processing and the time of processing.It was known that change regularity of hydrolysis of alkaloids. And it is necessary to process the qualified and stable Aconiti Radix Cocta. The hydrolysis regularity of diester-type alkaloids and monoester-type alkaloids was found in 10 hours by analyzing the alkaloid content of Aconiti Radix Cocta in processing 1 to 10 hours. The diester-type alkaloids were rapid hydrolyzed in the first hour. The monoester-type alkaloids showed a trend of fluctuations increased and reduced. In order to accurately analyze the regulation, steaming method was selected.The different concentration of adjuvant vinegar impacted the hydrolysis of alkaloids. The Radix Aconiti was processed with adjuvant vinegar of concentration of 5% to 50%. The content of monoester-type alkaloids were improved 14% to 82% by boiling with vinegar, and were enhanced 8% to 67% by steaming with vinegar.It could be a new method that processed Radix Aconiti with adjuvant vinegar. Using the steaming method with 10% concentration vinegar is appropriate. The phenomenon of content of monoester-type alkaloids below standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia could be solved. The change mechanism of ester alkaloids still needs further research.Radix Aconiti was detected 99 chemical constituents, and Aconiti Radix Cocta was detected 106 chemical constituents. They have 53 common constituents before and after processing,42 constituents were identified, included fuziline, songoramine, songorine, Denudatine and so on. Radix Aconiti preparata added 53 constituents, and disappeared 46 constituents. There are 64 constituents were identified in Radix Aconiti and Aconiti Radix Cocta. The HPLC-MS method proves to have a high sensitivity and the result is accurate and reliable. Many chemical constituents also were changed after processing in Radix Aconiti, and the method could fully reflect the changes of material basis than detect six alkaloids by using HPLC.The quality control method was put forward based on analysis. The mathematical model between processing time and alkaloids content was build. The suitable heating time would be estimated through detecting the 6 kinds of alkaloids contents of original medicinal materials of Radix Aconiti. Then the dynamic process was established. In order to guarantee the quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta, the appropriate processing method and time were chosen according to the quality of original medicinal materials.3. The quality research of Aconiti Radix Cocta processed by Radix Aconiti pieceJiangyou of sichuan province is the genuine production area of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.. Recently, Radix Aconiti more in the form of "piece" to storage and sales. The change of market supply and demand reflected the processing form had changed. However, there was not specification bout this in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.To explore suitable processing method and heating time of processing Radix Aconiti piece through studying on the relationship between heating time and alkaloids content. And the results compared with the pharmacopoeia. Ultimately, processing time and degree were controlled by the mathematical model.The Radix Aconiti pieces were processed by pharmacopoeia method. Six kinds of alkaloids of mesaconitine, hypaconitine, aconitine, benzoyl mesaconine, benzoyl aconine, benzoyl hypaconine in steaming 1 to 8 hours and boiling 1 to 6 hours, interval for 1 hour, products were detected by using HPLC. The change regularity of diester-type and monoester-type alkaloids content with processing time in Aconiti Radix Cocta was analyzed. Diester-type alkaloids content was below 0.040%, and the products without white heart, have reached pharmacopoeia standard in processing Radix Aconiti with piece. But numbness of tongue was strong at the moment, the feeling would be weakened as processing time be extended. Monoester-type alkaloids content of steaming 2 to 8 hours products were between 0.070% and 0.15%, and have conformed to the requirements of pharmacopoeia. This kind of constituent content reached highest in steaming 5 hours,142% higher than the raw. While monoester-type alkaloids content in boiling products were all below the pharmacopoeia standard. Using traditional quality and alkaloids content as target to prepare Aconiti Radix Cocta with Radix Aconiti Piece, we should choose steaming method and heating 4 to 6 hours.In conclusion, the various factors that affect quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta had been analyzed in this paper. And the corresponding solutions had been put forward by experimental. These could lay the foundation for processing qualified, stable and controllable Aconiti Radix Cocta. |
PDF Full Text Request