A Study Of Jiangxi 's School Administration In The Late Qing Dynasty

The "Xuezheng" institution was an essential political institution for Qing government in terms of selecting person with ability, controlling the ideology, even establishing the system of grassroots ruling. Based on the "Tixue Yushi" institution inherited from the former dynasty, in order to adapt the new situation of ruling, Qing rulers reformed the "Xuezheng" institution constantly. And then endowed this institution to rich content of ruling, maked it to be an indispensable link in the game of power balance.Since the "Xuezheng" institution of Qing Dynasty was not stationary, then the study of this institution should not ignore the influence of multiple factors in the study period, the factors including political ecology, cultural ecology, social ecology. In addition, the study of this institution should not ignore the correlation between the particularity of study area and the responsibilities of "Xuezheng".In late Qing Dynasty (In this paper, this expression refered in particular to Xianfeng Dynasty, Tongzhi Dynasty and Guangxu Dynasty), existed many characteristics for Jiangxi to distinguish other provinces in the aspects such as in politics, in economy and in culture. Jiangxi was a big province in cultural and education, but economically backward. The atmosphere of literary form of examination was prosperous, but the atmosphere of research was destitute. This province had the tradition of Lixue and Xinxue, meanwhile, this province lied deeply in the interior, so the atmosphere of openness was lack and the religious conflicts were frequent. In Xianfeng Dynasty, the civil war also caused great damage to the culture and education of Jiangxi Province. All of these factors had effects on the administration of Xuezheng in Jiangxi late Qing Dynasty.This paper references the study of regime history of Xuezheng from the scholars previously, focus in the practical administration of Xuezheng in Jiangxi late Qing Dynasty. Regards the official career of Xuezheng in Jiangxi as the principal line, to discuss some issues of Xuezheng in Jiangxi, such as how they adapt to the precipitate war, how they advocate the atmosphere of research, the success or failure of these measures and how they settle themselves in the political circle of Jiangxi. The expectation of this paper is to reveal the changes of the authority and the responsibility, to reveal the official career, the life and the psychological states of Xuezheng as government officials in the changing social of late Qing Dynasty.