An Analysis Of The "X - Face" And "X - Square" And "Azimuth" In "Rites"

This paper aims to investigate the connotation meanings and grammatical functions about the direction structures from ancient to modern. YiLi was used as a professional book which expresses the direction structure relatively concentrated to analyze those complex structures to the full. Through the analysis to 842 pieces of X-mian, we summed up various usages on direction structures and had a complex frequency statistics on them; In addition, to investigate evolving X-mian usages,we also chose other works of the Pre-Qin Dynasty as a coordinate to witness the evolution. In this way, we can provide some clues and theories to more in-depth study;Through the analysis we found that the word "mian" was a noun of locality in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, which means "qian,shang", so "face" will be classified into the Pre-Qin simple noun of locality;Still, in this structure of "X-mian"(X refers to the east, west, south and north), we believe that "mian" is a common noun,and then the structure of "X mian" and the structure of "mian(a noun of locality) + noun " will be called as " nouns(the usage of causative) + common noun ".They will be attributed to the usage of causative. In addition, we also had a complex frequency statistics on "X-fang", depicting some features about "X-fang" in the YiLi,which also implied a number of factors about preancient culture.