| Relief donation, is for the purpose of disaster relief to donate anddonations, the government will rank title as a reward content to inspirethe enthusiasm of surcharge, in order to in a relatively short period oftime to raise relief supplies such as money and rice. Relief donation oforigin can be traced back to the qin and han dynasties, almost in the reliefof dynasties can be seen the shadow of relief donation. Until qing DaiZhendonate eventually develop into a very perfect with fixed process and todonate items of relief measures. Since the qing shunzhi years from thefirst payment to donate to xuantong period after open relief donation,in the two hundred years of history, although there are various of reliefdonation of questioning and criticism, but there is no denying reliefdonation in the status of the relief system in the qing dynasty, especiallyin the late qing dynasty "Great drought in the Guangxu years" the raise,Qinjin drought disaster relief effect. As the frequently, the number ofthe provinces set up relief donation relief to the bureaucracy damage ismore serious, and the pressure of public opinion, the reform of the qingdynasty was abolished real officer relief to donate, and led to new wayof raising relief to replace relief donation, finally with the demise ofthe qing dynasty thoroughly dying. As an important technique in the qingdynasty official relief, relief of donation system course also witnessedthe rise and fall of governmental relief in the qing dynasty.This article is divided into five chapters, the evolution of reliefdonation system in qing dynasty the textual research of the system,analyzes the relief donation in each of the specific changes in qingdynasty, the main process and specific items of the relief donationstarted to carry on the detailed textual research, and to "Great dtoughtin the Guangxu years" Zhili province, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi Province in north China’s relief live donors, for example, the reasons of theimplementation of relief donation system in late qing dynasty, as wellas the final stop waste makes a comprehensive description and analysis,in order to show a full picture of relief donation system in qing dynasty.The history of the first chapter summarizes the relief donation systemand the system of qing DaiZhen donate the emergence, development, and eachstage of change.The second chapter the relief donation of the specific start processof the late qing dynasty, contributed their closed project, submitted tothe price, etc.The third chapter mainly discusses the shortage of "Great drought inthe Guangxu years" after the big drought relief donation into the northernprovinces of the background, the specific contributed their openprocedures, the final results, and the operation results of this periodrelief donation system for analysis and evaluation.The fourth chapter summarized respectively to late qing dynasty reliefdonation role, especially on the influence of bureaucracy to politics,as well as the influence on the society.The fifth chapter analyses the relief donation system has been in vogueto be the specific reason for the scrap and stop waste about reliefdonation system in the late qing dynasty and after opening.In general, relief of a donation is not only a governmental reliefdisaster relief measures, or a fiscal policy as a political system alsoinvolves the management of officialdom. Until the end of the qing dynasty,the controversial relief donation system also launched his historicalstage, and turned into other forms of raise relief way. |
