| In the late Qing dynasty,Xinjiang was in a period of transformation.After decades of fights,social operation was "paralyzed",and the social economic and social system of Xinjiang was severely damaged after the fight.In third years of Guangxu,the Qing army gradually recovered the district of Xinjiang,and began to promote the economic recovery and reconstruction of the society.At this important moment,Xinjiang has suffered from drought,locust and other disasters for many years,which has brought some difficulties to the recovery and reconstruction of Xinjiang's social economy,and faced with the years of disaster,the local government of Xinjiang has responded positively.Taking Turpan records of local government centered "file selection in Xinjiang in the Qing dynasty" as the center,combining with the disaster relief in the first historical archives of file archives as well as its "China meteorological disasters'sclassics in Xinjiang," such as the historical data,for the first year of Guangxu to Xuantong three years(1875-1911)of Xinjiang regional drought and locust disasters space-time distribution and the influence of carding,focus on theTurpan mechanism of local government's responser after disaster,mainly includes the measures should be the basic procedures,a disaster relief and prevention and control measures,tried to get the Turpan's disaster relief mechanism of local government,and then discuss the process of xinjiang and mainland integration.In the first chapter,the temporal and spatial characteristics of the two major types of disasters such as droughts and floods in Xinjiang in the first year of Guangxu to Xuantong(1875-1911)were preliminarily calculated.First of all,through statistics on the year of occurrence of drought and flood disasters during the first year of Guangxu to Xuantong recorded in historical materials,it was found that during this period,the occurrence of drought and flood disasters in Xinjiang has continuity in time,and there are many overlapping years of occurrence,indicating that the occurrence of drought and flood disasters has concurrence.Secondly,by sorting out the locations of the drought and flood disasters from the first year of Guangxu to Xuantong,it was found that the drought and flood disasters in Xinjiang during this period showed a characteristic of less north than south.In the second chapter,carefully sorts out the disaster response mechanism of the local government of Turpan in the late Qing dynasty.Including basic procedures for disaster response,relief measures,etc.Through sorting out the basic disaster-fighting procedures for the local government of Turpan in the late Qing Dynasty,we discovered that the disaster-relief mechanism in Xinjiang in the late Qing dynasty was in line with the Mainland,From the occurrence of disasters to the response to disasters,disaster investigations,disaster relief,and disaster relief,we have already established a system of disaster response that meets the needs of the government.Judging from the government's participation in the disaster response process,the Xinjiang government plays an absolute leading role in it,indicating that the government has a strong ability to control and control this region.In addition,the local temporary functional organization 'Shanhou Bureau' played an important leading role in the organization of disaster investigation,disaster relief,disaster relief,and other issues after the disaster,and Xinjiang was incorporated into the provincial administrative system in advance to build a province in Xinjiang and realize border-inland integration.Laid a good foundation.In the third chapter,discusses the prevention and treatment of Turpan disaster in the late Qing Dynasty,mainly from the warehousing system and measures to control locusts,To provide a perspective for discussing the "inland changing" of Xinjiang in the late Qing Dynasty.First of all,the establishment and development of warehouse institutions have some positive effects on the prevention and treatment of Turpan disasters through existing researches and archives.When the harvest is harvested,food is stored,and food is donated during the famine,Provide material protection for the restoration and reconstruction of late Turfan.More importantly,this is a success for the Qing government in implementing the administrative system in the border areas,to a certain extent,it strengthened the government's control of localities.Secondly,the locust technology and the Rid evil culture in the mainland reflect the integration of the local society and the agricultural culture in Turpan.Conclusion:During the late Qing dynasty,drought and locust disasters occurred frequently in Xinjiang,especially in the early years of Guangxu.At this time,in the period of reconstruction and reconstruction of Xinjiang,the ability to withstand natural disasters is relatively weak,In this situation,the Xinjiang government actively responded,a series of measures have been taken,it provides a strong guarantee for the social and economic recovery and development of Xinjiang.From the government's natural disasters and the relief and disaster measures,the government plays an absolute leading role in disaster response,it shows that the government's control over this area is gradually increasing.The implementation of various disaster relief and disaster prevention measures not only alleviated the damage caused by the disaster to some extent,but also provided material guarantee for the restoration and reconstruction of Xinjiang.The development of various administrative matters has laid a good foundation for the province of Xinjiang,and the process of building a province in Xinjiang has the characteristics of a 'No one sees his voice first',gradually reaching the goal of 'treat with the mainland'.In addition,the application of the inland agricultural cultural characteristics of the disaster prevention measures,The disaster relief activities in Xinjiang were accompanied by the shadow of "Inlandization",which promoted the integration process between Xinjiang and the interior. |
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