Conflict And Amalgamation: Political And Philosophical Thinking On The Policy Of Xinjiang In Modern China

Because of the unique historical tradition, the geographical politics, the natural conditions and the strategic demand of modern countries, Xinjiang has a high position in the development of contemporary China. The development of Xinjiang needs political governance. It can provide a historical reference and a theoretical help. In this paper, the policy of modern governance is divided into two parts, as the internal and the external research. How to protect Xinjiang’s sovereignty? How to strengthen the governance of Xinjiang? From a perspective of conflict and integration, the policy of modern governance of Xinjiang can provide a reference for the modernization of governance in a political philosophy way.This paper is divided into three parts:The first part mainly discusses the modern Xinjiang. It answered how the central government formulates foreign policy, and how to maintain the sovereignty of the central government in Xinjiang. At the beginning of the Qing government management in Xinjiang, the policy for other countries surrounding by Xinjiang was always take wins. China and the countries surrounded are in a "China-World-Order" system. Western powers in the invasion brook the original balance. Tsarist Russia and Britain violated the sovereignty of China’s Xinjiang. After the revolution of 1911, the Qing government’s rule in Xinjiang was overthrown. China’s modernization process accelerated. The original unequal treaties were gradually abolished, but the countries still has a greater impact in Xinjiang. Due to the changes in the international situation and the impact of the situation in China, the central government gradually Master the sovereignty of Xinjiang from the hands of other countries.The second part mainly discusses the modern China about the central government of Xinjiang’s internal governance policy. In the later stage of the Qing Dynasty, Xinjiang was governed by army and other way of governance. In the late Qing government, the political situation in Xinjiang is facing a lot of problems both inside and outside. The old policy can’t adapt to the social development. In order to stabilize the political situation, the Qing government began to establish Provincial System in Xinjiang. In the tide of modern times, the Qing government tried to maintain its dominant position through a series of new policies. However the revolutions eventually overthrow the Qing government. At the time of the Republic of China, the central government has no time to consider Xinjiang. The local warlords were managing Xinjiang. When the Kuomintang government began to direct management of Xinjiang, the Kuomintang governance policies in Xinjiang were mainly to stability of the Kuomintang regime and to relieve the pressure of the three-district revolution.The third parts mainly focused in reflection and summary. In modern times, the reason for the change of regime and the continued conflict, were the western treaty and the conflict confrontation mode, which break the original Chinese-World-Order. The central government have to learn from the west, began to explore the establishment of China under the concept of the modern state. The central government’s policy in Xinjiang was based on Western pressure and was in a passive position. After the governance of Republic of China, the central government began to take an initiative act in the governance of Xinjiang, with the acceleration of the process of modernization of China. On the one hand, the introduction of other countries balanced the situation in Xinjiang. On the other hand, the abolition of the privileges of the western countries in Xinjiang improved China’s sovereignty. Which can be seen that the central government is aware of the limitations of the western Binary-Opposites, and has began to draw into the traditional policy governance in Xinjiang, in order to seek a diversified governance model in the future. To further promote the modernization of governance in Xinjiang and to promote the modernization of governance systems and governance capacity. Contemporary governance of Xinjiang should consider the policy in modern Xinjiang for a prosperous and stable Xinjiang.