A Study Of The Literature Of Exile In Shenyang In The Qing Dynasty

The institution of banishment originated from the Warring States Period. It was elaborately documented since the period of the First Qin emperor, constantly reformed during the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasty and established the system of banishment with unique characteristics in Qing Dynasty. Many scholars in Qing were banished to Shenyang because of factions, literary inquisition, conviction of “rebelling against Qing Dynast and reestablishing Ming”, or being framed. During the banishment, they kissed the cup, inscribed the poems, gathered at the poem clubs, preached, established schools, compiled local chronicles and so on. Their cultural activities enriched the life in Shenyang on the one hand and activated poem creation on the other hand, which provided abundant materials to record historical and cultural events in Shenyang.Chapter One explains why the scholars were banished to Shenyang and their following sufferings. This part illustrates the connotation of the system of banishment, the reasons why so many scholars were banished and their miserable sufferings.Chapter Two described the cultural activities by the banished scholar in Shenyang. This part describes that the banished scholars kissed the cup, inscribed the poems, gathered at the poem clubs, preached, established schools, compiled local chronicles and so on.Chapter Three is writing with Shenyang characteristics to keep an account of banishment literature in Qing. This part mainly analyzes the writings of the natural and cultural ecology in Shenyang during the banishment and the recording of the historical events is beneficial for the later generations to study the history at that time.Chapter Four is the affective and realistic reflection of banishment literature in Qing. This part is an analysis of poem creation at that time. It indicates their poems reflect their psychological activities and other social aspects.Chapter Five is the artistic exploration of banishment literature in Qing. This part elaborates the scholars’ writing techniques and artistic features.As well known that the prime time for poem creation is in Tang Dynasty, it was very difficult to create so many great poems for the banished scholars who were under the dual pressures of unacquainted living conditions and gloomy mood under the background of frequent wars. Their literary works enriched and perfected Chinese ancient literature in Shenyang, which has historic and literary values.