Northeast Exiled In The Qing Dynasty Literati Group Research

The system of banishment in our ancient China first came not in the cirminal lawin the Qin dynasty. It was formarlly established in the Northern and Southern Dynasties,expeirering constant deslelopment in the Tang. Song and Ming dynasty and formed acomparatively complete system of border land banishment. It has strict rules on thenumber of expellers，the distance and areas of banishment and spcific regulations. Theexpellers who act as the target of the system come into being with the development ofthe system. The Northest China, as the banishment habitation of past dynasties, hasmore than1.5milHon expellers in Qing dysnasty.Under such condition, the victims expelled to the Northeast China were not onlylfagrant criminals, but also a large amount of scholars, they committed crimes eitherbecause their thoughts and behavior became heresy, or because they became the vicimsof parties’ confrontation. These scholars who committed crimes in politics became aspecial group in the society because of their different status.The exprlled scholars who were forced to move to Notheast China to take service andbe gregulated otfen led a miserable life because of the awful environment and theirspecial status.