Study On Rural Surplus Labor Transfer In China

The transfer of surplus labor in rural area is not only a core issue of theory for the economic development, but also an important subject to be promoted at present.Lewis, W. A, who won the Nobel Prize of economics demonstrated that the transfer of surplus labor in rural area is the basic way for realizing modern economic growth for most developing countries. He pointed out that in developing countries exist two different sections: One is traditional agricultural section, and the other is modern industrial and commercial section. In the former, there are a large number of surplus labors, whose income is very low. In the latter, the labors' productivity and income are much higher than that in agricultural section. The transfer of surplus labor from the traditional agricultural section will increase the labor's income and improve their life. On the other hand, it will increase the production and accumulation of modern industrial section. As the accumulation increases, the modern industrial section has the capacity to attract more labors from the country. Only in this way, it will promote the economic development and speed up realizing the industrialization and modernization. Both the theory and practice have proved that the transfer of surplus labor in rural area is an important way to increase the productivity of whole society, and to realize industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization.With the deepening of our country's economic reform, rural surplus labor transfer has become historically necessary. The transfer is playing both positive and negative roles in our urban and rural economic development. Therefore, effective measures ought to be taken to achieve positive transfer of rural surplus labor, for example, domestic macrocoordination and organization, the development of township enterprises, secondary and tertiary sections, the achievement of internal transfer within agricultural and the countryside.The dissertation can be divided into four parts. The first part, which is presented in the Chapter Two, aims at laying foundational theories for studying surplus labor transfer in China's rural area. The second part, whose contents exist in Chapter Three, relates to the analysis of prospects of surplus labor transfer in China's rural area. In the third part, it analyzes the obstacles of surplus labor transfer, which is embodied in Chapter Four. The fourth part, which is the starting point and staying point of dissertation, is about the methods and measures to promote the surplus labor transfer in China's rural area. It also gives the advices for the surplus labor transfer, which is discussed in Chapter Five and Chapter Six.