The Research On The Problem Of Increasing Peasant's Income In The Commodity Grain Bases In Jilin Province

Jilin Province is one of the world-famous three major golden maize districts and one of the national main grain producing regions. It had set up many commodity grain bases during the State's Sixth Five-Year Plan Period, the State's Seventh Five-Year Plan Period and the State's Eighth Five-Year Plan period. For many years, peasants in the commodity grain bases have undertaken the important task of supplying the national commodity grain demand and have the outstanding contributions to our national grain safety. But their incomes didn't get corresponding improvement and they grew up unstably and slowly. The commodity grain bases are the main steady grain producing regions of our country, the slow growth in earnings of peasants of the regions can influence expanding domestic demand and the process of building the well-to-do society, also restrict the peasants' input of agricultural production, and then weaken the grain production capacity of the commodity grain bases, thus threaten the security of grain in our country.This article has chosen 13 county (cities, district) to carry on research for representatives in the middle main grain producing region of Jilin Province which include Dehui, Jiutai, . Nongan, Shuangyang District of Changchun, Yongji, Gongzhuling, Lishu, Yitong, Dongfeng, Dongliao, Fuyu and Changling, etc. It has adept the historical analytical method of history, the analytical method of fluctuation and the analytical method of structure, in which the article has analyzed the phase, the fluctuation and the structure of the peasants' incomes in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province. It has elaborated the characteristic of peasant's income growth in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province.This article has analyzed the restriction factors which influenced the peasants' income increase of the commodity grain bases in Jilin Province in the comparative analytical method .As peasants of the commodity grain base of Jilin Province, the sources of revenue has four main characteristics, namely peasant's income relying mainly on income of primary industry, the income of primary industry relying mainly on planting's income, planting's income relying mainly on grain income, the grain income relying mainly on high-yield crops income. Grain-production is the peasant's main source of family income of commodity grain bases in Jilin Province and the peasants' income structure has not gone out of the simple level yet. After joining into WTO, the economy of our country is integrated with the world.Comparing with grain price of the international market, the grain price of the commodity grain bases in Jilin Province has already been close to or exceeded the international price. Simply the space of relying on raising grain price the peasants' increase will be in the end. In the rural labors, the proportion of primary industry labors are too big and the proportion of non-agricultural industry labors are too small in the commodity grain base of Jilin Province so a large number of surplus labors are held up in the agriculture and it can only have more people to share limited resources. Agricultural structural adjustment once has increased peasant' income in some extent. But in the part of the state of the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province at present, the agricultural structure can't adapt to the market well, can't meet the consumption demand of agricultural product diversification, good quality, specialization and nutrition after urban residents' incomes rise. The fulling function of the processing industry of agricultural products is very weak. The operational efficiency of the agricultural structural adjustment is not good and the degree of difficulty adjusted is greater and greater. As grain advantages of the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province, the industrialized process of the regions relatively lags behind. That industrialized process lag behind makes the ability weak that industry utilizes agricultural resource going on deep processing so the economic benefits that industry combine with agriculture is a little. The regions can't form industry's related benefits which have seriously restricted the whole grain advantages of the commodity grain bases in Jilin Province. Because good resource conditions and low workforce quality fetter peasants' the behavior of starting a business the peasants' culture of starting a business is still in a kind of weak tendency in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province. The enthusiasm that the whole people start a business is still low, the strong and lasting social atmosphere that the whole people start a business has not really shaped yet and the desire is not strong that peasants transfer from agriculture to non-agricultural industry.This text has structured tentatively the long-result mechanisms that peasant's income increases continuously in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province on Mix —Clark Theorem, Thrust —Pulling Force Model, Comparative Advantage Theory and Capital Theory of the Manpower. Peasants' shift mechanism from agriculture to non-agricultural industry can not only increase directly peasant's salary in non-agricultural industry, but also can increase surplus peasants' natural resources and market share of agricultural products indirectly. The commodity grain bases of Jilin Province have unsubstitutability of grain-production and have a comparative advantage in natural conditions, production cost and production technology.But the grain is a primary product, the economic benefits is limited that peasants depend on selling raw materials. Maize is the main product in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province and it has multi-functional attribute so it is inevitable to process it to increase its value. We must set up the long-result mechanism of lengthening agriculture-running chain. The impact of the rural manpower capital on peasant' s incomes growth is larger and larger. The shortage of educational resources makes the chance that rural residents accept the education far lower than urban residents. So we must set up the long-result mechanism of training and improving peasant's quality to guarantee to grow peasant's income lastly and steadily. The grain yield increases in the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province year by year, but peasants' incomes increase slowly, the interests that peasants produce grain are in the constant loss. We must set up the compensation mechanism of agricultural production to reduce peasant's lost interests.Through the analysis and the research of the above, in the part of the regional characteristic of the commodity grain bases of Jilin Province, this article has put forward the main measures and suggestions that peasant's incomes of this areas increase continuously: develop non-agriculture industries, especially pay attention to developing processing industry of agricultural products; developing agricultural industrialization actively make agriculture expand before production, deepen in the middle of production and extend after production to try to realize increasing income in every field of agriculture;take great efforts to improve peasants' cultural quality to establish the human resources foundation for peasants to incorporate really the urban society and engage in non-agriculture industries; our country should strengthen the support to the commodity grain bases agriculture of Jilin Province through increasing macro-transfer payment to reduce the peasants' lost interests.