A Research On The Justice Of Financial Investment In Basic Education Among Regions

Education is the base for developing science & technology, and cultivating talents. It is the global leader in the modernization construction. So it is necessary to put education to the privileged position. We can say that our obligating education system is the largest in the whole world, if we look the number of students as the index mark. "Big education & poor country" is a difficult task in finance, and it is even a long-termed challenge to the justice target in the whole society. Education expenditure is not enough originally, and there are big differences of investing numbers (total amounts and per capita expenditures) among different regions, which make some poor regions lack of expenditures, even those basic outlays. According to the west financial theories, in the condition of market-directed economy, it is the government's duty to provide public products, because they can't be provided effectively by market. The two basic effects of government are just to settle the malfunction in market and improve society justice. In the field of education, the most fundamental duty of the government is to protect the public benefit for basic education and pursue for the justice in this field. At the present time, regime factors are most important ones without any doubt in the problem of justice in financial investment in basic education. So, with the condition of little funds, how to make the financial investment relatively fair is an important and pressing thing. This paper devotes itself to study the development and present status of financial investment in basic education in our country, look the problem of justice among different regions as a focal point, and study with the view-angle of regime from start to finish.This paper is made up of three main parts: First, analysis of the justice among regions from the view-angle of regime. In this part, we first give out the conception and discrimination criterion of education justice, then analyze the history, research the problems in policies at present time according to the data, generalize the causes for unbalance in basic education development among regions, and study the regimes of financial investment in basic education in some important countries in order to generalize some good ideas for us to borrow. Second, based on the regime analysis, I designed a new allocation model in order to offer the government a definite method to allocate its education funds so that to improve the justice. The primary idea of the model is as follows: assign an index number to every region according to its per capita education expenditure and students' number of basic education, then we can allocate the total funds from the parent government in response to this index number. I test this model with real data of 2002, and prove that it can improve some justice among regions. Third, I put forward some feasible policy suggestions against the most important and urgent problems in financial investment to basic education. They may be biased, but critical in deed.This paper think that the government should increase the financial investment to basic education, enhance the proportions of education funds in financial expenditure and GNP, and the senior governments should sustain basic education more. Furthermore, the structure of financial expenditure for education should be adjusted, in order to make the few education funds lean to basic education, especiallyto country basic education. These are the most important, and are also the mostfeasible methods to develop Chinese "vital and lasting project"------basic education.Only in these ways can we improve the justice among regions.Because of my poor learning and lack of data, there must be errors and negligence in my paper. I hope that every expert and teacher point them out so that they can be corrected.