Research On Lacking Of Rural Social Security System In China And The Solutions

Before 1978, the rural social security system in china was a type of traditional system, a community model so far as its implementing range is concerned; and a "low welfare" system its security level. In 1978, the reform of economy system aiming at the household contract responsibility system began; then household economy superseded collective economy in Chinese rural areas gradually. That made some rural social security system in the age of the plan economy lose their economic foundation and face disintegration. However, the new system had not yet been fully taken into shape. In consequence it caused sort of deficiency in Chinese rural social insurance system. The deficiency of current Chinese rural social endowment insurance system refers to the old system facing disintegration under the impact in the situation of the new system not being fully shaped as well. On the current stage, the deficiency of Chinese rural social endowment security system refers firstly to the endowment security system that falls under concussion and in face of disintegration, such as the gradual deterioration of the endowment function. Secondly, it refers to the new rural social endowment security system not being fully shaped. Currently, there is not a institutional criterion in china—a criterion implementing the rural social endowment insurance better. And, there were various reasons for the deficiency, including historical, economic, political, and social factors, etc. Moreover, this kind of deficiency has severely affected the social stabilization and restricted the economic development. Hence, in order to cope with the effects of market economy and the process of urbanization, and in the view of building the harmonious society, at present need we establish and consummate Chinese rural social endowment insurance system.In the practice of constructing new type of Chinese rural social endowment insurance system, we should not only proceed from the current conditions in china and take into consideration the practical possibility to deal with various relationships between rural social endowment insurance and economic and social development practically and properly, and design various types of social security system based on the discrepancy of different rural areas and employment approaches of rural inhabitants; but also take the future into consideration, to make solid foundation for setting up a scientific, systematic, normative, city-country integrated, and polar social endowment system with Chinese characteristics nation wide. For this purpose, we must stick to basic principles of establishing and consummatingrural social endowment insurance system: the principle of diversification, the principle of development synchronizing with of rural social endowment insurance guidance the and peasantry's voluntary participation, the principle of combining social security and household security; the principle of unifying equity and efficiency; the principle of unifying civic rights and civic obligation. At the same time, we must path choices of Chinese rural social endowment insurance system. As follows: strengthening the publicity and education; steering peasantry to recognize the significance of endowment insurance; defining government's liabilities and obligations in practicing rural social endowment insurance; establishing a institutional healthy social endowment insurance system; normalizing the management of rural social endowment insurance fund; maintaining household providing for the aged. Lastly, we also must strengthen the external environment construction of rural social endowment insurance, including: expediting countryside industrial development, enhancing the capacity of rural social endowment insurance; accelerating educational investment in rural area, easing the pressure of rural social security; perfecting current rural ground system, enhancing peasantry's social security level. Only in this way, can we gradually establish the rural social endowment insurance system in china literally.