A Study On The Costs Of Electricity Generation In China

Electricity generation industry is a base industry and energy compression industry in China. Since the electricity generation industry has advanced the economy, has brought human beings tremendous amount of wealth, nature resources have been evaporating rapidly, pollutions have been worsening, and eco-environment has been deteriorating, all of which are greatly threatening the existence and evolution of human beings. The cause of all of these is not industrialization itself, but the greedy profit motive as the result of industrialization and sole goal of profit seeking to maintain the ecosystem of environment and nature resources, and truly realize the steady and long-lasting evolution and development of our society and economy, there must be a nature resources circular economy system, such as the cycle from nature resources, production, products, consumption to resources re-use. Only then, nature resources can be utilized more efficiently, and pollutants exerted can be minimized.We should the costs of electricity generation first, especially the environmental costs.Environmental concerns are important to consider because they represent costs to society that are not typically reflected in the price that consumers pay for electricity. During the last decade, a series of valuation studies have made attempts to estimate the external environmental costs of various power generation sources within the European Union and the United States, while few studies have been conducted in developing countries such as China. As the rapid development of China, the electricity supply sector undergoes increasingly rapid restructuring, and technology and fuel choices widen, understanding the environmental implications of investment choices becomes even more important. The objective of this paper is to expand previous analysis of the external costs of electric power generation in China. We present a quantitative analysis of air pollution impacts on human health, damages from greenhouse gas emissions, the avoided health costs from electrification, the impacts on crops and materials, as well as discussing other impacts qualitatively. Using economic theories, pollutants calculation methods and pollutants' environmental costs, this paper developed a model ("the cost of electricity generation model in China"). According to the economic conditions and population density, the model divided China into six regions. The model can get environmental costs ofelectricity generation by general data which is different from all the plants but is ready. This paper provides a detailed analysis for the Guiyang power plant which is in Guizhou province in southwest of china, based on coal, though the model can be used for whole China and all kinds of electricity generation. The results shows that the external costs from new energy power generation such as wind, PV, hydro, nuclear, biomass are lower, while the environmental costs of electricity generation based on coal, oil, and gas is high. The maximum of environmental costs is the electricity generation based on coal in the east of China 0.2176RMB/ (kWh) , while the minimum is based on wind in the northwest of China. 0.0004RMB/ (kWh) .This paper analysis the advanced technology of electricity generation, pollution controlling and resources recycle, and point out the main method of electricity generation is based on fire will not change in recent, while we should improve the technology and develop the new energy power generation where is suitable. We should lead our electricity generation in a recycle way, and lead our economy with a sustainable development.