Study On Solid Base Catalyst Used In The Synthesis Reaction Of Polyglycerol Ester Of Decanoic Acid

The liquid alkali catalyst and solid base catalyst were used in the preparation ofpolyglycerol ester of decanoic acid, the reaction conditions of esterification reactionand preparation of solid base catalyst were studied. Then the optimum conditions ofthe esterification and catalyst preparation were confirmed.Sodium hydroxide, as liquid alkali catalyst was used in the esterification reaction.The reaction parameters, such as the catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and initialfeeding ratio of alcohol and acid were investigated in a certain reaction time. Singlefactor and orthogonal experiment were applied to seek optimal conditions of reaction.The results show that: the reaction temperature was180℃, catalyst dosage was5%,initial feeding ratio of alcohol to acid was110:40. Under these conditions,98.32%esterification rate can be obtained after2.5hours of reaction.Solid base catalysts with different activity components, loads and carriers, whichwere prepared with the equivalent volume impregnation method, were used for thesynthesis of polyglycerol ester of decanoic acid under the optimum conditions ofliquid alkali catalyzed preparation of polyglycerol ester of decanoic acid. XRD,TG-DTG and CO2-TPD were applied to characterize the catalysts, and thenassociated with the actual reaction activity. Finally the experimental results showedthat: when the K2CO3was used as a main catalyst component loaded on the modifiedcarrier, the new phases K-Al-O and Fe-Al-O, which created by the reaction of activecomponent and carrier, can make the weak alkali center of catalyst increase. It wasmore conducive to esterification reaction. Finally, catalyst with the best catalyticactivity can be obtained when the Fe2O3loading was5%. The production ofpolyglycerol ester of decanoic acid catalyzed by the self-made solid base catalystswas investigated to seek the optimum conditions. Ultimately, the optimum conditionswere obtained as follows: the reaction temperature was180℃, catalyst dosage was2%, initial feeding ratio of alcohol to acid was120:40and K2CO3/Fe2O3·Al2O3with15%main catalyst component and5%Fe2O3loaded. With these conditions,93.01%esterification rate can be obtained after one hour of reaction. The catalytic activity is not less than the liquid alkali catalysts, the catalyst K2CO3/Fe2O3·Al2O3cancompletely replace the traditional liquid alkali catalyst.