Study On Drinking Water Source Safety And Health Risk Assessment And Protection Countermeasures Of Jimo City And Towns

The speeding up of urbanization and rapid development of economy has broughta lot of problems of water environment, water environment problem to the parts of thesocial development and economic growth.Water resource is the theme of waterenvironment and water source of drinking water water security in water environmentproblem is particularly prominent.Making reasonable water safety evaluation to watersource is conducive to the protection of water source, is conducive to the managementof water source. All sectors of society pay close attention to urban and rural drinkingwater safety problems, especially the Central Party and the State Council.Theevaluation in Jimo for water security and health of drinking water source is the basisfor drinking water sources protection and risk management provide,and it isconductive to improving people’s livelihood building a harmonious society.This study has made the water safety and health risk assessment of drinkingwater source for Jimo city and towns,and put forward some protectioncountermeasures for different problems.This study adopted in AHP model aftercomparing numerous water safety evaluation model.The evaluation objects of thisstudy include the8rivers, four reservoirs,23groundwater monitoring stations, atotal of43monitoring.The water safety evaluation used AHP model, in which theindex layer includes the water quality condition,the reservoir water eutrophicationcondition, the health risks of water source and the water source of water pollution riskconditions.Before water safety assessment,we should calculate the weight for indexlayer.This study used the comprehensive weight which came from the subjectivemethod（AHP）and the objective method（entropy value method.The comprehensiveweight reduced the deviation of subjective weight and objective weigh, making theweight more accurate and effective than before.Then I combined the index with thecorresponding weight, and made the water safety assessment of the water source.Finally this study used Arcgis and Google Earth software, showing the water safety evaluation results with GIS, and it would be clear at a glance.Finally, this studyconcluded that:（1）The main results of water safety evaluation:All in all, the reservoir water source’s water security situation is superior to thestatus groundwater, and river water source’s security situation is the worst.Theprimary level of reservoir’s security situation is Ⅲ. Groundwater’s situation is Ⅲ leveland Ⅳ level. Most river’s situation is Ⅲ level and Ⅳlevel,but less with Ⅴ level.（2）The main results of water quality evaluation:In the results of the river water quality evaluation, Dagu river’s quality is notstable. The quality of Moshui river, Longquan river and Wugu river is very poor, themain pollution factors including dissolved oxygen, potassium permanganate index,COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus.In the results of the reservoir water qualityevaluation, Wang quan reservoir’s quality is the best, Songhuaquan reservoir’s qualityis the worst. Besides Songhuaquan reservoir, others resenoir can meet the requirementas the water source of drinking water.In the results of the groundwater qualityevaluation, in addition to the Mashan monitoring station,every monitoring station isnot ideal. The main impact factor included total soluble solids, permanganate index,nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.（3）The main results of reservoir’s eutrophication evaluation：Shipeng reservoir’s comprehensive nutrition state index rose in2007-2011with afluctuated style, reaching the eutrophic state in2011. Songhuaquan reservoir’scomprehensive nutrition state index showed a trend of rising after decline first, thetotal trend went up. Nuocheng reservoir’s comprehensive nutrition state index showeda eutrophic state from2007to2009years, rising in2010and slightly fell in2011.Wangquan reservoir’s comprehensive nutrition state index was stable and fine inthese years.（4）The main results of the water quality health risk assessment：The water quality health risk of overall water source was low, but there was alsosome individual phenomenon. For instance：the risk of arsenic degrees was6.73×10-6 in2007～2008, and5.51x10-5in2009～2011.（5）The main results of water pollution risk evaluation:Generally, the river water source’s water pollution risk level was high and thelevel could reach Ⅳ, such as part of Longquan river. The reservoir water source’swater pollution risk values were between20and40,all Ⅱ level.The groundwatersource’s water pollution risk level was based on the high level of Ⅳor Ⅴ in Gucheng,others were low.Finally, according to the evaluation results I put forward some protectioncountermeasures:①The integration of suppling water in urban and rural is aneffective way to solve the drinking water safety in cities and towns.②To strengthenthe government management is the important guarantee in drinking water sourceconstruction.③To strengthen the pollution prevention in rural non-point source andaquaculture.④To carry out pollution control work actively in rural river basin.⑤Tostrengthen the water quality monitoring.⑥To adjust and optimize water source.⑦Tostrengthen water source’s renovation work about drain outlet.⑧To bring conservationproject of ecological protection into drinking water source.