Development And Evolution Of Mongolian Furniture From Qing Dynasty To The Republic Of China Era

Mongolian is a enormous ethnic minority in North China, which has a long history and a color of full-bodied legend. Since one thousand years ago, Mongolian has led a nomadic life called " migrating for plant" and created a huge culture, which built up the Mongolian character of warmness, plainness, honesty, diligence and achieved gorgeous and colorful ethnic culture. Since Yuan dynasty, Mongolian furniture gradually turned up on the stage of history and had great development from Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China era. The paper citing part of the Mongolian history from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China era considered the Mongolian furniture as the research object and conducted the thorough research to the development and evolution on the respect of Mongolian furnitures’shape, structure, decoration process, decorative pattern, color and so on in order to study the inner reasons and necessity of its development and evolution.Paper analysised the three aspects of Mongolian history, geographical environment and humanistic factor and looked up a large collection of relevant literature. Through the arrangement of literature about the Mongolian history, economy, policy, religion, changes of life style, aesthetic orientation and other related information from the Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China era, the influence impact of the Mongolian development and evolution was summarized using the theory induction and multidisciplinary fusion method.Secondly, on the basis of the collected literature, the area which had the Mongolian furniture retained most such as Wuhai city, Hohhot and so on, especially in Wuhai Mongolian National Furniture Museum, was visited. Combined with surviving Mongolian furniture samples from Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China era, the Mongolian furnitures were divided into three categories:console table, storage and other on the transverse by the methods of induction, comparison analysis and on-the-spot investigation method. It was respectively studied further that the aspects of shape, structure, decoration style, decorative pattern and color on each kind of furniture. The Mongolian characteristics of all kinds of furniture during this period was sorted out.Comparing each type of furniture in Qing Dynasty and The Republic of China era from lengthways separately, the similarities and differences of the console table, storage and other kind of furniture during different periods were sorted out.Finally, combining with the factors of the development and evolution of Mongolian furniture from Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China era and their respective characteristics of furniture showed in two different times, the process and internal causes of Mongolian furnitures’development and evolution from Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China era were summed up. Reviewing the development of Mongolian traditional furniture from Qing Dynasty to The Republic of China, the forms and rationality of Mongolian furniture during different historical period were discussed, which was a protection for heritage of dying grassland and also inheritance and promotion for Mongolian traditional culture.