The Development Of Eco-friendly Coating Flame Retardants And Process Exploration

With the improvement of living standard and the rapid development of textile science andtechnology, people demand more functional textiles of increasingly high quality.Fast changes havetaken place on the function research of the textile finishing.For the sake of personal and propertysafety, the function of flame retardant of textiles has gathered more attention due to the fire causedby textile increasingly.Polyester(PET) fabric, which is the most widely used in clothes andindustrial textiles, has excellent abrasion resistance, aging resistance and electrical insulationapplication performance.But polyester is inflammable, having fast burning speedand produceddrop and toxic gas easily, which may cause a serious fire hazard in use.So, the flame retardantfinishing is necessary.Halogen flame retardants and metal association agent composite method are mostly adoptedto coat flame retardant finishing of polyester fabric at home and abroad.Halogen flame retardanthas become the mainstream of flame retardant market products with the advantage of less dosage,high flame retardant efficiency and wide adaptability.But when burning, halogen flame retardantsrelease a lot of poisonous and harmful corrosive gas, which would cause secondary damage tohuman body.Replacing the halogen flame retardant and the development of halogen-free flameretardant have become a development trend in the field of flame retardants.Thephosphorus-nitrogen coating flame retardant, having a good flame retardant performance andfriendly to the environment, gets more and more attention of people.In this topic, the best component of phosphorus-nitrogen expansion flame retardant systemwas determined through single factor experiment and contrast.B4000polyurethane is used asadhesive according to properties of the flammability and washing resistance. Seven kinds ofammonium polyphosphate flame retardants were compared and HY-MPOP was chosen as the acidsource.The comparison of carbon source, gas source and assist agent is on the basis of the selectedadhesives and acid source as to design experiments to compare the retarding effect of sampleswith that complex formulation with other component.The results show that the systems has thebest retarding effect when pentaerythritol(PER) was used as carbon source, melamine cyanuricacid(MCA) as gas source and magnesium hydroxide as the assist agent. After determining the composition of the flame retardant and the gradient experiment tocomparing the best proportion of the system on acid source, carbon source and gas source, theresult showed that the system has the best effect when the ratio is in8:2:2and assist agent is5%dosage of flame retardant components.When the dosage ratio of flame retardant components andthe binder is1:2.5, the finishing fabric get the best flame retardant effect after washing.Under theratio of this, the thick/thin fabric after coating with35%weight gaining showed a good washflame retardant property. Combustion experiments showed that the carbon length is95mm andthe time of continuous burning is0s. Orthogonal experiment was designed and the result displayedthat the best finishing process for flame retardant: secondary coating,100°C drying for150s and180°C baking for180s.The application properties were tested after the fabric were coated under the best formulationand process conditions. The fabric after coating had less strength loss(less than10%).Thehydrostatic pressure resistance had increased significantly.And the application performance offabric have almost be retained.The process and mechanism of flame retardant were investigated byThermal Gravity Analysis(TGA) and scanning electron microscope(SEM), combining with theexpansion type flame retardant properties of fire retardant.