Extraction And GC-MS Analyzation Of Essential Oil From Four Different Spices

Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SFE-CO2) is considered as a new and green process of essential oil extraction. Compared with the traditional methods such as steam distillatian and solvent extraction, it has advantages in product quality, yield, calm extraction conditions and so on.This research is aimed to extract the volitile by SFE from the leaves of myristica fragrans houtt.,the leaves of Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, the Lignum Dallbergiae Odoriferae and the leaves of Fructus Amomi. The process includes optimization of the technological conditions and analyzation of the volatile components by gas chromatograhy (GC) or gas chromatograhpy-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), and the development of product from volatile. Up to now, four patents have been applied based on the research results.The innovation of the study is that Nutmeg and Villous Amonmum Fruit leaves are extracted by SFE-CO2 firstly. It has proved that the production yield and essential oil quality by SFE-CO2 are higher than by traditional methods. Meanwhile, the extracted oil of the Rosewood Heart Wood is clear and bright, and shows an excellent quality of sweet flavor. As we know, the technology of SFE-CO2 has been industrialized, This study could be meaningful and realistic for economic and society.In this study, the yield and the extraction character were used as quality indexes. Single factor experiment and orthogonal array design were respectively used in different fragrant plants to explore the influences of temperature, pressure, the flow rate of CO2 and the extraction time on oil yields. Based on the results of single facter experiment, the obtained optimal operation conditions of the Cassia Bark leaves are:①pressure 15 MPa, temperature 40℃,extraction time 90 min and the flow rate of CO230 L/h, resulted in the yields of 2.88%;②the optimal contitions of Nutmeg leaves are:pressure 14 MPa, temperature 45℃,extraction time 60 min and the flow rate of CO222 L/h, resulted in the yields of 1.75%;③the optimal contitions of Rosewood Heart Wood are:pressure 20 MPa, temperature 30℃,extraction time 60 min and the flow rate of CO222 L/h, resulted in the yields of 1.14%;④At last, the optimal contitions of Villous Amonmum Fruitthe leaves are:pressure 20 MPa, temperature 30℃,extraction time 90 min and the flow rate of CO2 22 L/h, resulted in the yields of 1.78%. the apparent charadteristics, such as no solvent residues existed in the extracted oil, shorter extraction time and so on, indicated that SFE could be one of the most clean and high effective technology for processing essential oil from the plants.The content of cinnamaldehyde in Cassia Bark leaves oil has been analyzed by GC and the Nutmeg leaves oil, Cassia Bark leaves oil and Rosewood Heart Wood oil have been analyzed by GC-MS.The results shows that the content of the cinnamaldehyde in the Cassia Bark leaves oil are 19.9%; compared with the traditional methods, the Nutmeg leaves oil extracted by SFE-CO2 contains more oxygenated monoterpenes, which were faithfully reproduced the aroma of the raw Nutmeg leaves;the study also gives supplements and verification to the main component in Rosewood Heart Wood, and adds nerolidol oxide as the main compnent. It’s highly recommended that the total contents of nerolidol and nerolidol oxide should be controlled, which may truly stand for the natural aroma of Lignum Dallbergiae Odoriferae.