Research On The Eco-compensation Mechanism Of The Development Of Mineral Resources In Hunan Province

Hunan province is rich in mineral resources, and mining is an important pillar of the national economy. The economic output of mining accounted for the industrial economy about 25 percent in the whole province. However, the developments of mineral resources also bring serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction problem. In recent years, Hunan is constructing a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, so establishing and perfecting the Eco-compensation mechanism become an urgent task in Hunan.This paper is order to establish an ecological compensation standard model and give some advice on how to perfect the Eco-compensation mechanism on the relevant theory of Eco-compensation mechanism and the advanced experience of domestic and foreign countries. And in the end, verified whether the standard model is correct. Main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) The development of mineral resources in Hunan has polluted environment and destructed ecology severely. At present, Hunan has already introduced some eco-compensation policies on the exploitation of mineral resources, such as establishment of petty cash on mine geological environment control, developing ecological compensation and emission trading pilot, conducting insurance pilot on environmental pollution, etc. But, it also has some questions such as lacking of effective funding, related laws and regulations, technical standards, etc. The United States, Australia and other countries have rich practice experiences on ecological compensation, such as formulating relevant laws and regulations, sets up "recovery" funds, ecological tax, they provide reference meanings on the perfection of eco-compensation mechanism of the exploitation of mineral resources.(2) This paper established an ecological compensation standard model. Compensation standard comprised by two parts: ecological destruction loss and environmental pollution losses. Ecological losses including direct and indirect loss, as well as ecological restoration fees, and environment pollution losses is difficult to counted accurately, so it is measured by blow down standard.(3) The analysis that the input and output value model shows that ecological compensation fees imposed the biggest influence of excavation, which reaches 1.84% when the eco-compensation fees accounted 0.82% for its sale's price. It affects minerals processing to1.59%, and followed by metal products manufacturing, mechanical equipment manufacturing which are 1.28% and 0.47%.And it has a small refulgence on public service and social security industry that are closely to people's daily life, and the dates reach 0.12% and 0.10%, much lower than the total price rises 0.32%. The study of ecological compensation provides scientific basis for formulating reasonable rates range.