Calculation Method About Subsidy And Incentive Model Of Urban Public Transport

With the rapid economic growth in China, as well as promotion of the urbanization process, and the high demands of people in travelling convenience, fast and comfortable are increasing now, which makes China's current situation of public transport operators and the quality of services is far from satisfying the needs of the residents travelling, an increasing number of residents travelling by public transport methods revert to cars, taxis and other private mode of transportation, with the attendant traffic congestion, waste of resources, environmental pollution and other problems also have been increasingly serious.Although many cities have realized the seriousness of the problem and tried to improve the situation of public transport system, but because of the lack of scientific and reasonable:the object of subsidy is obscured, revenue and cost of public transport enterprises is difficult to measure, lack of government incentives for public transport enterprises, employee incentive mechanism is not perfect, making the situation of bus operations with little result. Therefore, drawing the scope of the policy-related losses to determine the scientific and rational calculation method of public transport subsidies, encouraging public transport enterprises to reduce operating costs and improve service quality, and improving the incentives of employees provides very practical significance.Based on the study in Changchun City, relied on literature reference, by a lot of data survey, this paper established calculation method of subsidy and the double objective of incentive model, and then further studied transit employees incentives.The paper is divided into seven chapters; the followings are the major elements of each chapter:ChapterⅠintroduced the background and significance of research, both at home and abroad and the development trends, as well as major research and technical route.ChapterⅡbriefly introduced the bus cost of regulation theory and the agent theory, and then outlined several existing calculation methods of transit subsidy and reviewed them on the basis of analysis difficulties in the calculation, finally described the government to business and business to employees motivation theory and methods, established a theoretical foundation for the following on determining calculation method of subsidy and building motivation model.ChapterⅢfirstly defined the distinguish between policy-related losses and operating losses, and then described the meaning of the standard cost and quantified standard cost of public transport enterprises, finally established the calculation method of public transit subsidy based on determining the scope of policy-related losses and approving the standard cost.ChapterⅣbriefly explained the need for incentive model, and then analyzed the agency relationship between the government and public transportation enterprises. Based on correlation analysis of the dual objectives and the assumption on the cost of public transport enterprises, it improved the incentive contracts, and built the incentive model with twin goals of reducing costs and improving service quality, finally solved the incentive model, and analyzed the relationships between correlation coefficient and intensity of motivation.ChapterⅤdescribed the common problems and phenomena of employee incentive mechanism, and deep into the public transport enterprises, and then explained the need to encourage public transportation employees, analyzed the incentive mechanism model, finally researched several incentives programs in order to improving the incentive mechanism of public transportation.ChapterⅥtook Changchun City as an example, by a lot of data survey, verified the practicability of the model.ChapterⅦ, summary and outlook. This chapter summarized up the complete contents of the innovation and the subjects to be the further study issue.