Research On Extension Evaluation Of Ecosystem Health In Mining Area

Coal resources are the important substance base for human society and the main energy in industrial development. The mining and utilization of coal promotes the development of society and economy, in the meantime, it also caused many ecological environment problems. For example, the mining of coal resources will lead to surface subsidence and vegetation destruction, not only the surrounding residents lose their arable land, but also interfere with the ecological balance which is difficult to restore. Fly ash and gangue generated in the process of mining production takes up a lot of land, spontaneous combustion will occur under certain conditions. Thus, they become the main factors of ecological environment pollution in mining areas. A lot of dust and suspended solid generated in the process of mineral resources'transportation will influence the air quality and deteriorate the living environment of mining. In addition, mining wastewater contains a lot of heavy metal ions and toxic substances, its emission will pollute the water, causing crop, even endanger human life. If these problems cannot be settled properly, it may cause the waste of coal resources, disruption of ecological balance, slow development of regional economic, and more problems in mining area which restricts the sustainable development of mining. Therefore, the problems of ecological environment in mining area should be handled properly. When ecosystem health theory is introduced to mining production, it can not only protect the ecological environment effectively, but also provide new ideas to sustainable development of mining area. It has theoretical and practical significance.Mining ecological system which is named mining REES system mainly consists of resources subsystem, environment subsystem, economic subsystem and social subsystem through a comprehensive study of the characteristics of mining and ecologic system. Based on ecological economic theory, composite system theory and the sustainable development theory, the evaluation index system of ecosystem health in mining area is constructed by analyzing the relationship among organic components of mining REES system and the influencing factors of their health. Entropy theory is used to optimize the index system by calculating the degree of distinction. Grey correlation method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are combined to determine the subjective and objective weight of each indicator respectively, then establishing a Lagrange function to get the comprehensive weight. Adopting the multi-level extenics evaluation method to establish the extension evaluate model of ecosystem health in mining area, based on matter-element analysis, extension set theory and correlation functions. In order to verify this model practical, take Datong mine as the case study. Investigation and refer to the statistical yearbook relevant is used to obtain raw data, excel software is used to calculate the correlation of ecosystem health level. The results of evaluation show that comprehensive correlation of Datong mine's ecosystem health level is-0.0074 in 2009 which means sub-health, and in 2010 the result is-0.0507 which means health. Objective results demonstrate the extension evaluate model scientific and practical. By doing so, give some suggestions to protect the ecosystem health of mining area and provid scientific basis for regional management which promotes the sustainable development of mining area.The innovation of the thesis is established the evaluation index system of ecosystem health in mining area, and proposed comprehensive evaluation modle of ecosystem health in mining area which based on extenics theory. In the side of theories, the concept of mine is defined by analysising the characteristics of mining production comprehensive, and the connotation of ecosystem health mining is defined on the point of sustainable development. In the side of methods, a new method is provided to determine the combined weight. Both expert experience and the objective information of indexes are taken into account to determine the comprehensive weight of each index by using grey system theory and analytic hierarchy process. It overcomes the deficiency in traditional weight determining.