The Ecological Niche Research Of Transfer Of Rural Surplus Labor In China

The economic aggregate of China has surpassed Japan and become the world's second largest economic entity in 2009. However, our per capita income still ranked after a hundred in the world, mainly represented by the underdeveloped productive forces, whose rudimental cause was the imbalance between the output value structure and employment structure. The respective proportions of tertiary industry in GDP were 10.25%,45.89%and 43.86%, while the proportions of quantity of employment in three industries in 2009 were comparatively 38.1%,27.8%and 34.1%. Hence we could see that the output of service industry was slightly low, and there were too many employees in primary industry in our country. Solving the shift of superfluous rural labor force to the second and tertiary industries is essential to solving the economic structure reform at present in China, which also determines the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nationSince the 20th century, the preposition and development of the idea of ecological niche has provided us the possibility for interpreting the shift of superfluous rural labor force from the perspective of ecological niche in ecology, which also allows us to re-examine the shift of rural surplus labor from a new dimension. Through the interpretation of ecological niche in ecology, we not only gain insight into the thought of the ecological niche but also make further extension of this idea as well as application. Floating ecological niche is a historical exploration under the natural state and social condition, also an innovative expansion summarizing the research results of previous scholars. It consists of three parts including "one location", "the other location" and "middle location", which does not mean a species, occupy these three different ecological niches at the same time, but three different ecological niches in biotic populations at different time. Due to various reasons, the shift of rural surplus labor force in our country is not the same as that conducted in developed countries, which is a permanent migration. On the contrary, ours is the short-term displacement, greatly coinciding with the ecological niche concept. Through analyzing the influence of the shift of rural surplus labor on our country, farmers and agriculture, the aim is to ecologically interpret the shift of rural surplus labor force, and state the negative effects caused by it.Then put forward the ecological countermeasures against the present shift of rural surplus labor in our country. Finally, further prediction is made about the shift of rural surplus labor in China and its developing trend of floating ecological niche.