The Tourism Sustainable Evaluation Of Tai'an City Based On The Models Of Ecological Footprint Of Tourism

At present,as the human's expansion of the size of the tourism activities,the development of tourism has brought people considerable economic benefit. But due to the unreasonable development and some improper management measures,the tourist and tourism ecological environment of Tai'an City is suffering from serious damage. So it's important to strengthen the protection and tourism as effective management to ensure the sustainable development of tourism at the time of developping and constructing tourism.This paper adopts the present international comparison advanced evaluation methods of sustainable development——the method of ecological footprint. Also we combine tourism ecological footprint model and improve this model to evaluate the tourism of Tai'an City. We obtain the tourism ecological footprint of Tai'an City from 2001 to 2007.At the same time,we use the TM data from 2001 to 2007(resolution ratio is 30meter multiply by 30meter,time range is from early April to mid- April)and use Erdas software to conduct atmospheric correction and geometric fine calibration of the remote sensing image.Also we combine relief map and present landuse map to obtain more precise area of various land and tourist ecological carrying capacity of Tai'an City. After the evaluation of tourism ecological,we put forward the corresponding countermeasures according to the practical problems.The results showed that:(1) The model of tourism ecological footprint previous is usually invided into six aspects:transportation, accommodation, catering, shopping, entertainment and visiting.But in the process of research,we find that this six aspects have repeated computation part.In this paper,we divide into four aspects: transportation, accommodation, catering and shopping.We obtain the result of tourist ecological evaluation is the same as the result of dividing into six aspects.(2) In the four aspects of tourism ecological footprint,the catering ecological footprint from 2001 to 2005 has more proportion. Traffic ecological footprint has more than catering ecological footprint and is in the first place after 2006. Shopping ecological footprint remains unchanged in the seven years and is in the third place. The proportion of accommodation ecological footprint is the least and is almost in an decline. Factors to Influence size of tourism ecological footprint are: the number of tourists,travelling days,consumption mode and consumption. But the size of the ecological carrying capacity of tourism varies from region to region(including plowland,forest land,grassland,water area,land for construction,land for fossil energy).(3) In the process of calculating ecological footprint,we introduce tourism ecological footprint index,evaluate the using efficiency of tourist resources of Tai'an City and combined the application of previous literature tourist income footprint.We have the conclusion that the tourism ecological footprint index and tourist income footprint are the same in the main of Tai'an City from 2001 to 2007.The ecological footprint of tourism in the seven years is: 45721.19hm~2,70742.9 hm~2,71550.57 hm~2,90424.82 hm~2,131149.6 hm~2,183915.9 hm~2 and 197924.3 hm~2。(4) In the the process of ing tourism ecological carrying capacity,we calculate separately the area of plowland,forest land,grassland,water area,land for construction,land for fossil energy.Also we calculate the tourist ecological carrying capacity and the result is: 104392.87 hm~2,116540.96 hm~2,101291.38 hm~2,119947.80 hm~2,141646.23 hm~2,161569.75 hm~2 and 169691.73 hm~2。(5) The tourism ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Tai'an City is growing from 2001 to 2007,but Ecological sustainability declines year by year.It began to appear ecological deficit from 2006 and the ecological deficit afterwards has been increasing year by year.The ecological surpluses in this seven years in order is 58671.68 hm~2,45798.06 hm~2,29740.81 hm~2,29522.98 hm~2,10496.67 hm~2,-22346.18 hm~2 and -28232.58 hm~2.(6) We find out the ecological deficit fitting curve equation is y=-1031.06x~2+4117613.98x-4110931784.57 ( R~2=0.96 ) according to the ecological sustainability from 2001 to 2007. We can calculate ecological surplus reached maximum from 1996 to 1997 through this fitting equation and it is 66820.82. The ecological surplus is in the decrease afterwards. We also predict tourism sustainability of Tai'an City in the next five years. The result still appears ecological deficit and increase year by year. So how to improve the utilization of land and to protect land to the maximum in guarantee of social and economic development is what we need to the key consideration in the developing today.