Research On Comparative Advantage Of Rice Production In Jilin Province

Rice is one of the three main food crops. And it is also the largest food crops in total output and planting area. Rice plays the leading role in food production and consumption. More than 60% of the population in China lives on rice. Rice is the main consumption of staple in19 provinces in China, and more than 800 millions of the population can consume 96 kilograms or so per capita every year. Therefore, the poor rice crop not only relates directly to the bumper crop and security of the national food, but also relates to hundreds of millions of farmers' income. Rice production is on top of the very important positioning in China's grain security.With the growth of economic and the improvement of people's living standard, people's requirement on rice quality is higher and higher, and consumption on indica rice is gradually reducing. Especially, people's requirement on round-grained rice is in increasing trend. Currently, planting area of round-grained rice in northeast of the nation accounts for more than 40%, and it plays a pivotal role in our country. Jilin province locates in Song Liao plain with soil fertile, plenty of sunshine, and big temperature difference between day and night, which provides natural conditions to develop the superior quality rice. Jilin is the main districts of the one-season indica rice's production in north China; its output and quality occupy the north front row. Therefore, taking great efforts to develop the production of round-grained rice, and improving its quality have a profound strategic significance to sure our country's food security and social stabilizationBased on research on the comparative analysis among rice, corn, and soybean, we used the method of comprehensive comparative advantage to compare and analyze the comparative advantage of Jilin's round-grained rice with the other major grain producing areas in domestic. Then we concluded the comparative advantages and disadvantages in scale, efficiency, and benefit. At last, we proposed some suggestions corresponding policy and experience.This paper is divided into six chapters, and the specific research content and results are as follows:In the first part, this chapter clarified the background and significance of the paper. It commented some related documents, illustrated the research contents, the research project, and defined the research scope, etc. In a word, the first chapter belonged to the specific infrastructure work.The second chapter described the development of Chinese round-grained rice. Then, it analyzed production status. At last, we summarized the trend of its development. According to national production situation, there are three things that we should do at the same time to increase production output and realize the continuing development of our country's round-grained rice. First, we should stabilize the production of round-grained rice in Jiangsu province. Second, we should increase the round-grained rice average per unit area yield in the northeast. Third, we should accelerate the process of the changes from indica rice to round-grained rice in Yangtze-huaihe region, and improve its average per unit area yield.The third chapter analyzed and summarized the rice production layout and production status in Jilin province.The fourth chapter compared and analyzed rice and corn at first, and found:although rice was smaller than corn in planting area, it had advantages in yield, cost, and margins. Then we compared the rice with the soybean, and found:rice had advantages both in per acre net income and planting area. After that, we compared Jilin with Heilongjiang in rice yield, the regional cost benefit and brand, and found:the round-grained rice average per unit area yield of Jilin was slightly higher than Heilongjiang province, which is about 1000 kilograms/ha; the regional cost benefit of Jilin was 10 percent higher than Heilongjiang province; those are the advantage of Jilin province. But, Jilin province did no do well than Heilongjiang. At last, Jilin province had obvious advantages than any other major production district, and it showed that planting rice would have a good economic benefit and a big effect on increasing farmers'income.The fifth chapter described some existing problems in the rice production of Jilin province. And it gave some countermeasures and suggestions on the transformation from comparative advantages into competitive advantagesThe sixth chapter was the conclusion of the paper.