Research On How To Select Take-Back Models In The Closed-Loop And Opened-Loop Supply Chain

With the development of economy at very fast speed, the problems of environment are urgent, such as a lack of resource, worsen environment. It has threatened human's live and development badly. So reverse logistics is the most urgent activity.There is a rule - extended producer responsibility. The manufacturers are facing various rules about 'pay for pollution' and 'reduce the pollute substance' . What do they do to reply? How to make decision to select take-back models? In the different take-back job, there are different participants. But how to balance their profits to help take-back? To solve these problems, author analyze and discuss them.The main content of this paper is to research tack-back models of reverse logistics in the closed-loop and opened-loop supply chain, to analyze the different models and all members' optimization profit and the desire of all participants. It validates the validity of deductions through calculation. In the closed-loop supply chain, the participants are manufacturers, distributors, customers and the third party reverse logistics suppliers. In the opened-loop supply chain, there are new participants: producer responsibility organization (PRO) and the third manufacturers.This paper adopts non-linear function as demand function , takes distributors sales and direct sales into account, and considers the component of participants' profits more perfectly. As far as manufacturer is concerned, his profits concluded sales earning, costs for new product with raw material and part of take-back accessory, costs for take-bake, costs for disposition and costs for transferring waste. Just like that, the profit is closer to realism. It can help manufacturer to select a proper take-back model from a theoretic viewpoint.However, it's hard to obtain actual data in logistics industry, it's much harder to get data about reverse logistics. So they are...