| The China's frontier trade is a special manifestation of the China's foreign trade. By the historical reason, the frontier area of our country mostly lives together for minority, and most of these places are very poor. Therefore, the development of the frontier trade is not only being good for the border area economics. But also is advantageous to the entire national economy, the society, politics and various national common prosperity. This article attempts utilizes the regional economic theory and the existing some other reforms research results. Quite has the representative take the China frontier trade in northeast area as the research object, carries on the comprehensive analysis to it, and aims at question to propose own position. This article will divides into five parts to carry on the preliminary analysis of frontier trades in Jilin provinces and helongjiang province.The first part is the frontier trade theory, which is the basic for this article. The first is to determine the arm of the article, and then it has defined the concept of trade, the international trade, the frontier trade. Afterwards reviewed the theory development of western trade. Smith's theory is Absolute advantage. Ricardian's is the comparative advantage theory. Then Heckscher-Ohlin's theory is the essential factor. Then we will simplify introduced modern trade theory and the new study development direction.The second part narrates the northeast frontier trade historical evolution and the present situation. The northeast area frontier trade has the very long history, and has very long history to trade with Russia, North Korea. After new China had been established, the northeast area frontier trade obtains a very fast development time. At the beginning of the 50's to 60's was the time that the frontier trade developed very fast. But the frontier trade actually basically was stopped from the beginning of the 60's to the end of the70's. After reforming and opening policy, the developing of Jilin provinces and Heilongjiang province's frontier trade have three stages: (1) The starting stage(at the beginning of 1980s to 1992), (2) The dropping stage (from 1993 to1994), (3) the stable development stage(1995 to the present). In recent years, the frontier trade of two provinces obtained a quickly development time. Especially the Heilongjiang province, the frontier trade accounts of this province take on one about the half of all the imports and exports total. In the border trade commodity structure aspect, the two provinces'performance are similarity: The import product mainly are raw material for industry ,for example the lumber, metal, chemical predicting; In the export commodity are the clothing, the shoes class, food, and other daily life consumable goods which occupy the main status. In the border trade partner country aspect, the two province are different: Heilongjiang's mainly partner country is Russia, which occupies the 50% of Heilongjiang's foreign trade amount . Jilin Province's border trade partner country is North Korea and Russia, and North Korea is more important than Russia,The third part takes the important two ports ( Suifenhe , Hunchun) of the two province frontier trade to make a analysis. Suifenhe is the most important port of the frontier trade port in Heilongjiang Province, the volume of trade accounts of the port take more than 1/3 of foreign trade total amount . The Hunchun port is the most important frontier trade port in Jilin Province. As a result of Hunchun port opposite North Korea's economy also comparatively backward, therefore the present Hunchun's border trade scale is not very huge , but this port situated at, the border of China , Russia and North Korea. So, it also has the door of going to sea of Tumen river, whose developing potential is huge. The two ports also have passed through the disorderly development time. They emerged rapidly first ,then they developed healthy and standard . Because of the Russia's economy level of development and the economic structure is different from the North Korea. So in the commodity structure aspect of border trade, Suifenhe mainly imports lumber, the paper pulp, the fertilizer and so on from the Russian ,the exporting mainly are the clothing, the shoes class, the plastic product. The Hunchun port's exporting commodity to the North Korea are the grain, the clothing, the mechanical and electrical product occupy , imports products are the iron ore, the lumber, the coal and soon. This mainly reason is the North Korean in recent years grain crop failure, the domestic grain gap is very huge, so it must import the grain to solve the domestic famine problem.The fourth part is the questions of northeast frontier trade and the answers. At present two provinces border trade question includes: The question of the politics and economy are unstable ; the system is not right of our country ; Fake and shoddy merchandise ; the North's goods to sell in southern ; Social order is not safe. And aimed at these questions we produce to solve the questions :The first have to strength cooperates with the North Korea , Russia. Formulation both sides economics and trade cooperation agreement. The second we must change the present frontier trade system, which was unification the foreign, cooperation . The third is we must strengthen the quality controlled of exporting commodity. The fourth is must transform the industrial structure, enhances the local product's exportation competitive ability. The fifth is must strengthen the public security management, and attack the criminal.The fifth part is the conclusion. The article have analysised the two province's frontier trade. This article think, the developing of frontier trade can help the poor people . It may display the geographical position the superiority. Jilin province and Heilongjiang province will receive the better economic efficiency in a shorter time. Jilin province and Heilongjiang province also need to strengthen own construction, among the time of developing the frontier trade .After China joins WTO, the frontier trade of China with Russia, and China with North Korea will certainly to be standard, the two provinces must conform to under the WTO rules. Condition to consummate the frontier trade policy measure, optimizes the frontier trade's policy environment. To push the frontier trade's development on a healthy way. |
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