A Research On The Tour Exploitation Of Chinese Intangible Cultural Heritage

The intangible cultural heritage is defined as varied practices, performances, behaving forms, knowledge and skills as well as related tools, real materials, craftworks and cultural sites. All of these are deemed as culture heritage by different groups and individuals. It also features as successive, alive, immaterial, mass-attendance, territorial, diversity, frangibility and art. The intangible cultural heritage is the precious treasure of race, nation and the world as large. Since formal establishment of Representative Work List of Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO in 2000, the intangible cultural heritage as well as its exploitation and protection have been focused by all circles.The intangible cultural heritage resources in China have a dense distribution in the east and a sparse distribution in the west. It is characterized by varied forms, complete categories and special culture meanings. In 2006, state department of China issued the first name list of the intangible cultural heritage, which the amount of heritage items is as many as 518, and the categories are 10. The abundant intangible cultural heritage resources just supply a precondition for tour exploitation. However, boosting economic power, improving traffic environment and demanding diversity of tour requirement are providing an important guarantee for tour exploitation.In recent years, with the impulse of world heritage tour, the intangible cultural heritage tour in China presents rapid development, and mainly embodies as tour production diversification and tour exploitation patterns diversification. But in current intangible cultural heritage tour exploitation, due to weak consciousness of exploitation protection as well as lacking of systemic and scientific theory direction, a lot of problems such as blindness, destructive exploitation, inadequate scope and deepness, and absence of brand product have been emerged. How to solve these problems and achieve a win-win situation for the intangible cultural heritage protection and tour development as well as make a smooth mutual moving between two parts have been an urgent issue in tour exploitation. It is also the key question needed to be discussed and solved. In accordance with related documents and current national and international tour exploitation experiences, space-time tour exploitation patterns in macro-level and classified tour exploitation patterns in micro-level for Chinese intangible cultural heritage tour have been proposed. The principles for tour exploitation such as based on human culture need, sustained development, characteristic maintaining, pleasure enjoying, and benefit seeking should be followed. Nevertheless, in tour exploitation, the relations between market and government as well as interest bodies should be properly disposed; science and technology measures should be appropriately used. At the last part of this paper, based on space-time tour exploitation patterns and classified tour exploitation patterns, the author takes the city of YiChang in HuBeing province as an example, and carries out the practice research for the intangible cultural heritage tour exploitation.