Study On The Reform Of Collective Forest Rights System In Hunan

Hunan is one of the major forestry provinces in south of China. Its geographic distribution(70％of mountainous area, 20％of water coverage and 10％of land area)and "Three 60％"(60％of the population live in rural areas, 60％of the land area is mountainous and 60％of the county is the key forest county) reflect the truth in Hunan Province. Ecology is an important brand in Hunan, and the forestry plays an important role in the economic and social development in Hunan. 181 million mu state-owned forest land area accounts for 94.35％of the 1.92 million mu of the land for forestry. The development of the state-owned forestry is the base for a sound development in Hunan.Since the founding of new China, the collective forest rights system has undergone the following four stages: private ownership of land farmers in the land reformation, the collective-ownership system in the cooperative period, adjustment and consolidation of the collective ownership system in the period called "Four Consolidations", and the period of "Three Stabilizations"(they are stable forest rights, designation of land for self-reservation, implementation of the responsibility system for forestry production).These reforms of the collective forest property rights system in the four stages has brought them into the history and played a vital role in promoting the development of forestry and countryside. However, from today's perspective, these reforms did not touch on the issue of property rights.Property rights are not clearly defined, the business entities are not definite either, and forest land farmers' productive enthusiasm hasn't been fully mobilized. In the past, the contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to the household has been carried out only in the 10％of land area. Yet the land farmers have not been authorized to the property rights of the 70％of mountainous area. Currently, only 36％of the work in replacement of the forest right license has been accomplished.1.92 million mu of forest land which contains enormous potential has not been fully exploited. And the rich forest resources have not become farmers' wealth. After a long period of exploration and practice, the reform still needs to be deepened, regulated and improved. Based on the reality of Hunan, the essay analyzes the reform history and current situation of the collective forest rights system as well as the problems existing in it. From the five angles of "clarifying property rights, freeing management, regulating the transfer, securing the profit and related reforms", the thesis reveals the main contents of how to foster the reform of collective forest rights system in Hunan, aiming to straighten out the forestry productive relationship to meet the development of the productive forces. The thesis explores the theoretical basis and system foundations in order to promote the overall reform of collective forest rights system in Hunan Province.