The Tendency Towards Farmers' Concurrent Business And Its Influence On Family Management System

The establishment of family management system in 1980's made farmers become the micro-economic entity of independent management and profit-and-loss responsibility and become engaged in not only agriculture but also other industries. With the propulsion of industrialization and urbanization, the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business presents a rapid development, which attracts much attention from the academia circles and the decision making department. Further research on the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business and its influence on family management system has theoretical and realistic meaning regarding persisting in and improving the rural basic economic system and establishing modern agricultural system in our country.First, this research explained the definition of the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business and the differences between the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business and farmer household concurrent business. Then, according to preliminary conclusions of the author's rural investigation, two research hypotheses are proposed, that is, during the transformation of village district economy development from tradition to modernization, tendency towards farmers' concurrent business is the unification of individual specialization of farmer and the tendency of concurrent business of farmer household; there is a parallel development between the concurrent business and the specialization of agricultural production.Second, this research analyzed some foundational theories and realistic problems of the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business in China present. First, the paper discussed the background of tendency towards the farmers' concurrent business from three respects which are the historical starting point, economic operation environment and system background. Second, on the basis of defining the degree of the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business by changing employment structure of family labor force and family income structure, the paper held that: the obviously non-agriculturalization of family labor force employment structure and income structure mean that the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business goes deeper and the socialization of family management will be obvious. Third, with the positive research, the paper analyzed that evolution model of the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business is characterized by circuitous development, i.e. a model transfers from "leaving hometown without leaving land" to "leaving land without leaving hometown" then to "leaving land and hometown", and returns to "leaving land without leaving hometown", because some migrant rural workers return to the country for carving out, which have created a good condition for rural redundant labors to choose the model of "being employed in local enterprises". Fourth, the analysis of development trend towards farmers' concurrent business shows that the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business goes deeper and expresses irreversibility.Again, based on the positive research of tendency towards farmers' concurrent business, the appearance of farmers who mainly engaged in commerce and industry was taken as an example to analyze the substance of the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business and decision optimization problems of farmers from a view of labor division, by inframarginal analysis model. During the course of industrialization and urbanization, the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business was a new form of social division of labor and rational choice of farmers' family management under present productivity conditions, which indicates that there is a parallel development between the concurrent business and the specialization of agricultural production within quite long period in the future. But social division of labor will deepen gradually and the tendency towards farmers' concurrent business will go towards specialization and socialization, with the promotion of industrialization and urbanization.Once again, according to related theories of Neo-institutional Economics, the paper analyzed the influence of tendency towards farmers' concurrent business on family management system. The influence on property right system and organization system were mainly described: market demand of the management right transfer of contracted land is coming to being; the management system reform of contracted land is promoted; the family management is trending towards socialization, marketability and systematization. To persist in the family management system needs start with reforming the contracted land system and its related auxiliary system.Last, the paper summarized the research conclusion, and put forward suggestions concerning policy about innovating the family management system and building up modern agriculture system.