Scientific Production And Rational Consumption

Since the middle term of 20^th century, worldwide problems such as environment pollution, ecological destruction, and resource insufficiency have threatened human being's surviving conditions and living quality, and human's survival encounter with a predicament which never occurred in history, making people begin to reflect their behaviors from the origin, reconsider the relationship between human and nature, and think the influence that human's production and consumption impose on ecological environment.The predicament that human is facing has been researched and studied by scholars from home and abroad, most of whom has paid their attention on the phenomenon of human individual consumption, trying hard to set up a set of rhetorical system which can solve the human's modern problems through revealing the nature of consuming phenomenon. however, because of the differences on social and historical condition, cultural background, and real situation existing among different countries, the research started from consumption can only specialize in one certain country's real situation and then put forward realistic theory fitting in this country, making it limited to some extent to resolve the problems that the whole human beings have to face. The thesis introspects on the contemporary human's actions of production and consumption, and put forward scientifically producing and rationally consuming living theory, trying to provide some references for resolving the problems.With the developing of human society, new features of production and consumption has arisen, that is, production is not only aimed to satisfy human's basic needs but also to satisfy human's spiritual needs. Nowadays the highly developed social productivity make people no longer worry about insufficiencies of production, instead they begin to fret about overproduction. Commodity increasing with day goes, production enlarged without limitation, and natural resources being consumed largely make people feel that the resource crisis is coming and their health is under threat, but nothing they can do. Dominated by commodity producing logic, human beings are over-producing for profits unconsciously, and consuming materials without limitation on the purpose of spiritual entertainment. Now human beings are living in a commercial world full of materials but empty in spirit.The human production is to reconstruct and recreate natural resource by using implements, with purpose and consciousness to satisfy human's needs.In the past production determined consumption that people consumed whatever produced, generally speaking, the supply of commodity seemed not to match the people's needs, and people consumed products for natural needs. Nowadays production stimulates consumption while consumption conducts production, and the production is based on human's needs. And the supply of commodity exceeds the people's needs. The people's needs have grown to higher level of spiritual needs from natural needs for survival. Because of the feature that production is enlarged without limitation human's spiritual needs are stepping away from nature into illusion.The modern consumption which is to satisfy human's illusory spiritual needs is a kind of signal consumption to a large extent. During the process, human is continually consuming signal while being materialized by signals to a machine which is only used to consume materials, simplifying the diversity of human's nature into singly occupying and consuming materials. Signal and object, the meaning and the pointing are confused with each other. The object has turned into the metaphor of signal with the absence of its real meaning, and human's nature is completely gone. The time when modern consumers find themselves in commodity is that human lose themselves.Modern consumption concerns on the symbolizing meanings, regards the commodity as a signal of esteem and status, takes material consumption as the main form of self-expression as well as social identity ,the mark of high living quality, and the symbol of happy life, making the sensitive desire satisfied with crazy consuming. Pursuing and advocating over-occupying materials or over-consuming is regarded as the value of happiness and goals of life, with no consideration of what is the aim of living, what are happiness and joy, and what is development and progress. The ultimate consequences are that the whole society develops in unbalanced way, the sense of happiness and responsibility declines, achievement-pursing sense fades, human's spirit is depressed, and morals degenerate.Human are indulged in the logic of production and consumption. The consuming form of pursuing fashion, showing status, and occupying property voraciously has penetrated into approximate culture potentially, forming the living value of the contemporary people little by little. The contemporary people intend to judge and evaluate a person by his consuming level, based on which relevant opportunities and courtesy are awarded. In turns, in order to obtain the relevant opportunities and courtesy people intend to pursue fashion, show consumption, and occupy property. Unlimited human development and the contemporary living value result in enlargement of commodity and exploitation of resource with limitation. The wave of producing arises in the worldwide. The tendency of producing sweeps over all the traditional ideas, including those concentrated with national and social values. The tendency of producing makes production and consumption stimulate each other, triggering a series of modern value absurdities, which make the contemporary face serious spirit, belief and identity crisis. The development of human health is facing severe challenges that never happened before.In modern society, commodity economy develops to a high level. Irrational consumption is a common social phenomenon. The irrational consuming ways not only result in production enlarged without limitation, but also enlarged utilizing degree on resources. The production which satisfies the enlarging illusive needs and commodity expansion is bound to conflict with limited resource and ecological suffering extent. The over-utilization of resource will definitely result in ecology aggravation and revenge from nature. The damage on natural ecological system indulge human into predicament.Establishing the living concept of scientific production and rational consumption has a profound realistic meaning to resolve predicament. Nowadays the commodity producing is making a large scale of consumers who over consume, show off consumption, modernize consumption, signalize consumption, and occupy consumption. The situation (such as nuclear disaster and ecological damage) which may threaten their and their following generation means nothing to them. Therefore, in order to get the contemporaries out of the predicament, the key point is psychological innovation and moral renew. Only human's spirit changes dramatically, can a new society arise. Only people eliminate incorrect consuming psychology and the idea of happiness, and realize scientific production and rational consumption that benefits harmony relationship between human and nature, can a healthy society be achieved.Scientific production is with schedules and appropriate degree. Scientific production aims to accelerate human ecological system to turn to be a unity with materials cycled and energy circulated between ecological groups and environment. It is the materials cycle and energy circulation inside ecological system make it flourish and evolve forward.Rational consumption handles desires and needs appropriately, grasps the meaning of harmony consumption, tackles modern commodity producing rationally, and conducts commodity scientifically, not to satisfy human's endless needs through material consumption. The human's needs are satisfied through consumption. Rational consumption is the direct method to resolve human's endless needs.The predicament that the contemporaries are facing originates from human's increasing spiritual needs and endless commodity producing. In order to confine human's production into a certain extent and conduct consumption into rational behaviors, I as the author of the thesis analyze the behaviors conducted by ideas, and find that irrational consuming idea, consumerism has made production enlarged without limitation and resulted in the logic which indulged human into predicament, and based on that the living concept of scientific production and rational consumption is raised. In order to realize scientific production and rational consumption, it is necessary to reconsider human's ultimate meaning and value, reanalyze the relationship between human and nature as well as that between tradition and modernity, and establish entire, harmony and rational consumption idea to conduct scientific production.