| Today, as the economic globalization continues, if a country or region wants to promote its economic development, relying on the market mechanism or macro policy adjustment alone has been unable to meet the current global economic environment, as well as the complex diversity. A regional industrial and economic development in the region became an important indicator of economic development. And to promote the industry development of one particular region often needs through industrial restructuring, as well as the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure to achieve.The industry classification is the premise of research the industrial economy. Nowadays, the general classification method is the third industry classification, which divided mankind's economic activities into agriculture, industry, services and the other focusing on three stages. On the basis of three industries classification, China developed for China's Industrial Classification, with a unified statistical standards. Based on a country or region can be identified industry classification between the various branches of the economy as well as the relationship between its internal components and, based on this understanding of a particular area to various industries in the distribution and composition of space, as well as between the various industrial sectors composition and internal relations, that is, industrial layout and industrial structure theory. The industrial structure of a country or regional level is high or low, reasonable or not, which decides the country's or region's development direction. The three evolution of the industrial structure has its own laws, so it is essential to guide the structure of a reasonable standard fast or leaping for the evolution of policy makers through the development of its industrial policy. Industrial policy generally has three aspects including the choice of leading industries, the support to the small industries, as well as the recession of the dismantling industry . The region overall competitiveness can be improved if a region chooses the leading industry that is good for the future industry structure according to its factor endowment and takes the leading industry as the center as well as forms the industry chain according to the feature of the strong correlation of the leading industry. Keeping the leading industries in a good momentum of development, we should focus on the continued support and protection to the weak industries at the same time. Because of its just-started, or from the external competitive pressures, it is very necessary to ensure its stable and healthy development through certain policy to provide support. The recession of the resources dismantling industry can reduce a country or region's economic burden, and optimize the industrial structure in the region at the same time can reduce environmental pollution and ecological resources damage.So far, there has been various types of industrial restructuring mode. The common forms are as follows: industry gradient transferring, industrial clustering and industrial integration and green eco-industries. it is impossible for a country or region to develop economy at an even rate, when the industrial region of a first industry no longer has a comparative advantage, the industry will slowly shift to the second industrial area with the change of the factors of production as well as comparative advantages in the region, which formed the gradient transfer in the industry space. Industrial gradient shift can bring new development and employment opportunities for the backward region together with easing the existing regional economic pressure. Industrial cluster refers to a specific region improves the competitiveness of industries through the space assembly within the industry and related departments in order to create economies of scale and other advantages. The integration of high-tech industries and traditional industries to create a new competitive is also a viable road. Regional economy need develop as well as sustainable development. One of the objectives of the industry policies is sustainable development, and we can take the path of sustainable development through the development of green industries to achieve, and this is a green industry.Since the beginning of 21st century, Jilin Province in the Northeast Old Industrial Area, due to historic problems and misreading the trend in economic growth after the reform and opening up, was left behind other regions, and now is still at slow pace in terms of economic development. The major problem lies in the unbalanced development of thrice industrial structure: uncompetitive traditional industries are low-tech and lack of agglomeration; emerging industries are on a small scale, thus contribute little to economic growth without a comparative advantage; and the environment is severely damaged. Jilin Province needs relevant industrial policy to solve these problems. Policies should be framed on theoretical foundation, in the meantime verified in practical situation, and it is unwise to implement policies without considerations of the consequences. Some developed industrial countries started the reform of old industrial areas earlier than China and the effectiveness of transformation can be referred to as a reference when Jilin Province formulates industrial policies. Ruhr Industrial Region is one of the representative industrial areas in developed industrial countries. There is a high degree of resemblance between the structural problems in Ruhr before industrial transformation, and in Jilin. Ruhr's experience of transformation will benefit to the policy-making of industrial development in Jilin. The German government carried out reform of Ruhr in five respects: reform in declining industries, introduce of emerging industries, rearrangement of industrial location according to factor endowment, job creation and environmental improvement, and the results were prominent.Jilin should also explore policies according to its own characteristics to optimize industrial structure, instead of copying Ruhr mechanically. First of all, readjustment shall be made to present industrial structure in Jilin. First, traditional industries such as automotive manufacturing need transformation. We need to integrate related intra-industry sections and extend industrial chains, meanwhile enhance technical development to create scale economy and add to its competitiveness. Second, industries in relatively good situation, for instance, medicine and food processing, must be provided with larger investment and policy support so as to meet with their financial and technical matters and boost up to competitive industries. Third, we must raise the product levels of primary products and raise the added value through. latest technologies, promote further processing of grain, develop green agriculture, and raise the productivity. Next, the development of emerging industries should be emphasized, including service trade, tourism and high-tech industries. The problem of employment can be eased, as large amount of human resources are needed in service trade and tourism, and the urbanization of villages and towns can also speed up to optimize industrial structure in Jilin. The development of high-tech industries should be combined with traditional industries in order to promote the upgrading of entire industrial structure. Then, after adjusting developing plans of various industries, we should have an overall allocation, and rely on strong industrial agglomeration to develop five industrial bases in Jilin, including automobile, medicine and photoelectron, to increase industrial competitive strength on the whole. Finally, we have to pay more attention to the issue of sustainable development. It is just boasting talk to carry out industrial reform and economic development without sustainable development. The prospect of environment and development of ecological resources in Jilin are not optimistic, therefore we shall encourage ecological industries, and bring up Jilin as a province of green industry, through transformation of resource-based industries and the overall change of people's idea. |
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