Configuration, Activity Choice And The Economic Cooperative Organization Of Farmers

When it comes to the thirtieth year after 1978, Market reformation has confronted a dilemma. In one hand, it speeds up the development of the economy and the society, but in the other hand, it has also revealed a series of problems. In the country, it is showed in two aspects: first, the farmers` income has been slowed down year after year, and the gap between city and the rural area has been widered. In one way, it has something to do with the small scale of the farms` economy and the high degree of decentralization in rural area. It has been proved by the facts of the development of the economy and society during thirty years. On account of the insufficiency of the resource and information, it is difficult for the dispersed and weak petty farmer economy to occupy the advantage position in the market competition.On the other hand ,it also relates to the relative laggard institution reformation in our country. The governing system between the country and city which based on the registered permanent residence and the laggard system of social security in the rural area has made the farmers the most suffering people in the reformation. In this case ,the innovation of the institution and the organization has been brought into effect in the hope of dealing with the market competition and protecting their legitimate rights and interests, so here comes the economic cooperative organization of farmers.The study about the process of the economic cooperative organization of farmers has long been the hot subject in the field of sociology in and out abroad. When the author tries to analyse all the study and the viewpoint integratively, he finds that most of them are in the angle of the sociology of organization. Especially for the institutional theory, it is the most representative idea, it says that the organization is an opening system which opens up to the surroundings about different economy and society.both the happening and the development of the organization are all determined by the surroundings outside,but have no relate to the people`s design. Besides that ,it also says that when we are studying the organization,we should only work it through the surroundings of it ,but not the surroundings inside it. But in my opinion, it is not comprehensive for the institutional theory to overemphasize the out surroundings in the subject of the happening of the organization.Social networks theory pays more attention to the subject in the microcosmic surroundings inside. It says when we try to study the actor of the organization,we should make it to the network of social relation which it belongs to. It emphasizes the study of meaning for the member striving for the resource in order to get the position in the network.But it is in the premise of rational choice.That is to say , the only reason for the members to strive for the resource is the result of rational choice.Bounded rationality theory is built on the members` ability of getting and disposing the information.In the study of the organization, it says that the members` ability of getting and disposing the information is limited , so that when they are making choice ,they can hardly know all the choices.As far as I am concerned, for this subject, we should take not only the macroscopical surroundings into account, but also pay attention to the choice of the activity. And the study should not be limited to the result of rational choice, but attach importance to habitus, the liability of feeling and action,the identify with authority. Here I first try to make Bourdieu`s field theory a analyse frame, along with the activity choice as the midst variable,so that we can hold the subject perfectly. In one hand it can build up to the study of the institutional theory and the sociology of organization as well,in the other hand ,it can also be a good illumination for searching for the most applicable economic cooperative organization of farmers.So we here choice the L village which lies in the south of JiaoDong peninsula as a case. During the investigation, the author mainly used survey research method such as observation, conversation and"Process-Event Analysis".through these methods and the field and habitus theory ,we can find out the inevitability and the influencing facts of the economic cooperative organization of farmers.Village L, which is famous for it`s seafoods production, can surely be seen as an specifically field, so it has it`s special configuration function, and it can rebuild all the social relations and forces which invading into it. During the conversation with the members who take part in the economic cooperative organization of farmers, the author find when they are making their choices, they consider not only their real interests, but also the habitus and the identify with authority. This is out of the former study of the sociology of organization. Here the author consider all the three important aspects such as interest game, habitus and the identify with authority which can effect people`s activity choice, and find out the relationship between them. It is a good supplement for the study of sociology of organization, meanwhile, It has also something to do with the subjects such as searching for the most appropriate economic cooperative organization of farmers, leading the farmers in the way of innovating of organization and institution, enhancing the position in the market competition, and protecting their legitimate rights and interests.