The Independent Fund Raising Construction Of Countryside Community Road

This article through introduces West collective action theory, the union domestic local research achievement, established one to study the countryside community road independent fund raising construction the collective action analysis frame. Under this analysis frame, this article with embarked from the countryside community members based on the cost income based on the gambling interaction's microscopic decision-making, has discussed the different type countryside community in the community road independent fund raising construction different collective action result. This article take the countryside community road independent fund raising construction as the Research center, decides in for the countryside community road independent fund raising construction solution fund predicament, the essence is directly strives for the collective action for the countryside community road independent fund raising construction to realize the way. Looking from the reality inspection, under the traditional dual financial structure, the countryside public product supply and demand unbalanced is a long-term phenomenon and the tendency. Down to but the countryside taxes and fees reform the absolution agricultural tax in the national implementation, worsened the countryside public product supplies public finance restraint objectively. Therefore, the further, this article research decides in for the countryside public product supplies solution fund predicament, for countryside public product supplies pattern solution way predicament.Research"s primary coverageCountryside community road, both has common public aspects and so on product inalienable, non-competitiveness with non-exclusive characteristic, and has own special attribute property, it benefit scope is clear, basically limits to specific community scope, it profits object to be clear, basically limits in community member, belongs to community interior public resource, because simultaneously countryside community terrain landform, transportation position, social habit, current economic condition enable the countryside community road to have the remarkable variation decentralization characteristic differently. Because of so, it theoretically is having by countryside community member self-organization spontaneous fund raising construction intrinsic logic. Looking from the system evolution advancement, regardless of before is the family implements household contract responsibility system the reform, the People's commune time workpoint system, after the family implements household contract responsibility system the reform three to raise five series and two labor systems, countryside community road's cost allocation basically relies on outside the system to finance. While "three raised five series", "two labor" and agricultural tax cancellation, the countryside community highway construction loses outside the traditional system to finance originates, but by countryside community members, from the organization expedited outside the new system for the core villager self-administration mechanism to finance the way - - countryside community road independent fund raising construction. The countryside community road independent fund raising construction belongs to the model collective action category. This article is precisely analyzes the countryside community road independent fund raising construction based on the collective action angle of view to realize the way. According to the general collective action theory, collective action's implementation result is decided by the group scale, group essential factors and so on member non-uniformity, ideology, social capital. But this article studies the collective action occurs in a special field territory - - China countryside community, therefore this collective action has special realizes the way and the constraints. According to Fei Xiaotong, celebrates snowy peak, Wu Chongqing et al. the local research, the traditional countryside community has "the acquaintance society" obviously the structural feature, but the partial countryside community has "the atomization society" obviously the structural feature, simultaneously the countryside community member interior presented the varying degree differentiation and the stratified phenomenon. In "atomization society" the countryside community, individual social bond causes individual social relations network size to wither weakly to the family member and the minority sibship member, simultaneously, common moral ethics's forfeit, then the credit, the reciprocal benefit, the standard vacancy, causes the countryside community community to disintegrate, the villagers become the complete self-interest atomization individual. Under this territory, between the high homogenization member's gambling interaction often causes the countryside community road independent fund raising construction the collective action to fall into the convict difficult position, but the high neterogeny formation between gambling interaction possibly has the wisdom pig gambling balanced result, namely the ordinary member chooses does not invest or the investment specified amount is low, the neterogeny member on own initiative will choose the investment, even is willing to spend certain organization cost to take the lead to organize the countryside community road's independent fund raising construction. In "atomization society" the countryside community, the community members effect personally to this item set move the participation or not microscopic decision-making to be decided by the economic interest balance computation, is one economical rational choice. In the Fei Xiaotong writing "Local China", the Chinese tradition countryside community is typical "the acquaintance society", it has many distinguish between "the atomization society" the essential factor, including the common faith, traditional ethics, the values, the sense of belonging, the spontaneous credit, the standard, the convention, the custom and so on, they exists in each kind of personal relational construction social relations network, manifests partially to maintain the personal morals, the family, to rule by ritual the order, not to dispute, inactivity politics, elder politics, blood relationship and geography and so on, but its basic constitution elements are the faith system, the social participation, the society trust, the universal reciprocal benefit, to be together standard. Compares with "the atomization society", in "acquaintance society" the countryside community, the community members comply with the pure individual income cost not completely regarding the community road independent fund raising construction's microscopic decision-making the balance computation, must consider the related social benefit except the economical success and failure. In the community member's microscopic decision-making, its individual utility function from the single-product economy goal expansion is the multiplex goal, namely the microscopic decision-making not only pays great attention the economic interest, simultaneously also pays great attention to faith system's and so on ethics standard, ethical value effectiveness appraisals, therefore the community members have the relatively high drive participation collective action. In the non-uniformity countryside community, between the different member has the widespread correlation, the village outstanding person participates in the community collective action through the organization being able to obtain the extra material income, the prestige, the social position, the honor, individual social capital from the entire community social relations network and so on, because this kind of society drove the existence, the village outstanding person has the intense motive organization to participate in the collective action. In homogeneity "acquaintance society" community, the long-term historical evolution has formed some kind together standard, for instance "the callous strategy" (any community member's time will not cooperate will trigger forever cooperation), "not to be in sharp opposition" the strategy (you to cooperate I to cooperate, your while vehicle I on while vehicle), but between the community member's long-term contact will in fact be is approximate in the infinity redundant gambling process. Is precisely as a result of these standard existence, between the community member's gambling interaction can realize the effective collective action together. But in the non-uniformity "the acquaintance society" the community, as a result of the community member's special fair view, the community members chooses the participation road independent fund raising construction the collective action not only to receive the individual rationality restraint, but must receive the fair accommodating restraint, therefore under this specific field territory, the implementation collective action is facing "the acquaintance society difficult to cooperate" the paradoxResearch"s main conclusion1 countryside community road benefit scope, is profiting aspects and so on crowd to have the community public resource characteristic, therefore has by main office area member self-organization independent fund raising construction intrinsic logic2 countryside community road independent fund raising construction is our country countryside public product supply system beyond consideration fund raising way evolved form, is under the villager self-administration condition inductivity system vicissitude3 countryside community road independent fund raising construction belongs to the model collective action category, under the local China's special field territory, this collective action both has the general collective action essential feature and the movement mechanism, and has under the local Chinese condition special to realize the way and the constraints4 in "atomization society" the countryside community, the community members are the self-interest scattered atomization individuals, also lacks by the personal relational constitution social relations network, also lacks the common moral ethics which, the credit, the reciprocal benefit, the standard the maintenance community community must and so on5 in "atomization society" the countryside community, the community road independent fund raising construction's collective action is often stranded for the community member's while vehicle decision-making. The atomization community member is the pure economical rational individual, its decision-making is decided by the simple cost income computation balance, lacks the interaction the condition, the community members has the intense opportunism motive 6 in "atomization society" the countryside community, between the homogenization member's gambling interaction often causes this collective action to fall into the convict difficult position, but the neterogeny formation between gambling interaction possibly has the wisdom pig gambling balanced result, namely, in the income, the aspect has the non-uniformity community wealthy and powerful family to be willing by chance to undertake the higher investment share in this collective action, even is willing alone to bear all cost expense in the controlled condition7 in "acquaintance society" the countryside community, the community members have the high degree common faith, traditional ethics, the values, the sense of belonging, complies with the spontaneous credit, the standard, the convention, the custom and so on, they exist in each kind of personal relational construction social relations network, maintains community community's lasting with to develop.8 generally speaking, in "acquaintance society" the countryside community, the community members not only takes seriously to participate in this collective action the cost income, simultaneously also pays great attention to faith system's and so on ethics standard, ethical value effectiveness appraisals, can therefore organize this collective action relatively easily. As a result of the community interior existence widespread social relations network, the village outstanding person organizes to participate in this collective action being able to obtain the high extra society to drive: Extra material income, prestige, social position, honor, individual social capital, therefore the village outstanding person has the intense organization to participate in the motive; At the same time, the village outstanding person can respond the ordinary member who through the social relations network participates in this collective action to implement the effective recognition to provide the selective drive: Protection, proxy, contract and so on, even if therefore is the ordinary member, also has the motive to participate in this collective action, but the non-choice pure while car dealership is.9 in "acquaintance society" traditional countryside community, because between homogeneity community member's long-term interaction, even if is the opportunism type community member, because is afraid the other member's retaliatory callous strategy or is in sharp opposition the strategy, also will choose participates in this collective action10 in "acquaintance society" traditional countryside community, as a result of special fair demand, community member's behavior decision-making faced with strict fair accommodating restraint. Under the fair accommodating restraint, the high income or has the social status community member, its while car dealership for or does not have the social status community member to the low income to have the remarkable infection effectiveness, had "the acquaintance society difficult to cooperate" the paradoxinnovation spot1 research's angle of view is novel. This article threads up the public resource which the countryside community road's attribute property - - specific community profits, finances the pattern through outside the key inspection countryside public product supplies' system as well as the current countryside public product supplies public finance restraint, proposed the countryside community road independent fund raising construction, and will be clear about the limits for the collective action category. The full text is precisely analyzes the countryside community road independent fund raising construction based on the collective action angle of view to realize the way. 2 research's frames are unique. This article emphasized studies the collective action occurs in the special field territory, therefore introduces does not rigidly adhere to the West collective action theory, unifies the domestic and foreign local research the achievement, established one to study the countryside community road independent fund raising construction the collective action analysis frame, has discussed the different type countryside community in the community road independent fund raising construction different collective action result.3 research's tools are comprehensive. This article studies this collective action to realize the way is the establishment, to analyzes the countryside community member microscopic decision-making above the foundation, but analyzed the countryside community member microscopic decision-making main synthesis to use the cost income analysis tool and the gambling analysis tool.