Research On The "Rigidity" And "Flexibility" Of The Planning General Of Land Use At Township Level

Healthy and sustained economic development is inseparable from a reasonable and orderly supply of land. The general planning of land use, as the principal means that the government control the allocation of land resources, is the foundation and guarantee that the government strengthen the management of land resources and promote land resources to use rationally and efficiently .Since the late 1980s, China has completed two rounds of general planning of land use, it played an important role in controlling the scale of the construction land strictly and protecting the cultivated land effectively, and achieving dynamic balance of the total amount of the cultivated land, and establishing status and authority of the general planning of land use. But the first round of the general planning of land use "lack of rigid and more flexibility"and the existing general planning of land-use "more rigidity and lack of flexibility" all affected the operation of the planning .In the preparation of land-use planning, how to ensure the planning authority and seriousness, and also make the planning have flexibility under the market economy conditions is a problem worthy of study. In the process of practice of the general planning of land use at township level of 26 township of Jiangjin , Chongqing, we do preliminary exploration and research on combining "rigidity" and "flexibility" in the general planning of land use at township level:(1) On the structure of land use . The index of land use is divided into binding target and expecting indicator. Binding target is hard target, not change, it mainly includes the protected area of the cultivated land and the basic farmland, the total size of the construction land and the area that construction land occupied cultivated land, the cultivated land and basic farmland must be protected strictly , can not break the bottom line of the basic farmland, the total scale of construction land can't exceed the quantity of planning .the expecting index is not rigid target, it can be adjusted according to actual situations, such as: the quantity of reduced cultivated land for zoology, the quantity of increased cultivated land from exploiting and tidying. construction land per person, GDP per capita, the forest coverage rate, and other indicators.(2) On the distribution of land. It embodies in both the strict land-use zone, and also the flexible-controlled zone. Arrangement for land is based on suitability assessment of land, and consider the needs of economic development. According to requirements of agricultural production , the good site conditions, good quality agricultural land is arranged for cultivated land and the basic farmland, the most appropriate economic development and having advantage in location of the land is arranged for construction land, such as town and industrial land. The establishment of flexible-controlled zone makes the planning have flexibility, it includes flexible-controlled zone for construction land and for the basic farmland.(3) On control rules, the planning arranges for various land reasonably, and clears the purposes of land block, and prohibits to change the use of land arbitrarily. The key is to protect the cultivated land especially the basic farmland, and control the scale of construction land strictly.