Civil Aviation Industry Oversight Research

Traditionally, the civil aviation industry belongs to the natural monopoly industry. The characteristics are the following: network nature, substitution, high investment, sized economy and high safety. For Chinese aviation industry, it is in the important phase which is transitioning from the great aviation country to the strong aviation country. The total transportation volume of civil aviation holds the second position of the world. There were 149 airports, more than 20 airlines, 988 aircrafts by the end of 2006 in China. The civil aviation industry has played a great role in the development of national economy. Because of the importance of the civil aviation industry, it requires that the government oversight should be matched with the developing speed of civil aviation. So we should focus more on the oversight and innovation of the civil aviation industry.In the foreigner countries, it has the great achievement about the research on the oversight of the civil aviation industry. The standard oversight theory was proposed by the Japanese scholar, named Zhi Caoyi, whose work was《The Economics of Microcosmic Size System》. In the late 1970s, Baumol.et.al (Baumol.et.al.1982) proposed the definition of "no handicaps competition when moving forward and backward", they also proposed "the competitive market theory". They thought that the civil aviation should "release the oversight". In China, it is a little late about the study and practice of the government oversight. The scholars, such as: Yu Hui (1997) , Zhang Wei(1998), Jiang Keshen, Li Wenshen (2000), Zhou Guoshuan(2003), Ding Chunyu(2003) and Hu Angang (2000) think that the government had a strong oversight to the civil aviation industry. With the development of the economy, the civil aviation industry not only has the characteristics of monopoly but also has more competitive features. The civil aviation industry should break the monopoly situation, and stimulate the competition. So the conclusion is that the government oversight should introduce into the competition and release the oversight.From the public administration point of view, the thesis studies the various theories of government oversight and the oversight of the civil aviation industry in China and the foreigner countries. According to the public interest theory and the interest group theory, combining the categories of the oversight, the paper designs the five aspects of oversight research, they are: oversight main body, oversight contents, oversight pattern, oversight means, and oversight modes. The whole thesis closely surrounds the five sides to develop its ideas. Integrated with the oversight reforms and the present situation of the civil aviation industry, the thesis analyzes the problems existing in the five aspects of the oversight in the civil aviation industry, makes the comparison with the oversight reforms of the civil aviation industry in America, which is the most representative country in the world. The thesis also makes a reference and absorbs the experiences from the U.S. oversight reforms. So we draw a conclusion that we can't completely copy the "release oversight" pattern of the foreigner countries. It's necessary to oversight the civil aviation industry in the present phase. We should proceed the categorized oversight according to the monopoly and competitive natures of the different civil aviation industries and its operations. We should strengthen the oversight in the strong monopoly industries, but we should release the oversight in the strong competitive industries, and reinforces the social oversight, weaken the economical oversight. The thesis also proposes we should use the new methods of inspiriting oversight (such as: licensed bid, price upper limit and the social contract system etc.).Finally, the article explains the detailed categorized oversight from the following aspects: the main body of the oversight reforms, the oversight reforms contents, the oversight reform means and the oversight reform pattern.