| The edible fungi industry in Shangluo was listed as one of the vital projects of scientific and technological industry in Shaanxi Province by the provincial communists'committee and government in 1997. The production of shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) by substitute cultivation was referred to as the key trade for the development of the edible fungi industry and the increments of the common people's incomes in Shangluo .This project was established to seek the production technology for shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) by substitute cultivation and the mode to popularize the production technology to adapt the meteorological conditions and peasants'production conditions, to fully display economic, social and ecological benefits of the production for shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) by substitute cultivation in a short term, and to serve the mushroom-growing peasants in Shangluo, . The research work was conducted in the way of building comparison experiments, demonstration and popularization, survey, and statistical analysis. The results shows that the proper production technology and the mode should be as follows: (1) medium bag; small shed; stereoscopic growing; no sugar; half unprocessed materials; appropriate sunlight; moderate ventilation; small size and big groups. (2) spring cultivation as primary measure, autumn cultivation as supplementary one. (3) flower mushroom as main species, thick mushroom as secondary species. (4) dried mushroom as major products, fresh mushroom as supplementary products. (5) 939, 839 and Guhuang No. 2 as main strains, 908, 9608, 9015, L26 as supplementary strains. (6) incubating fungi indoors, growing mushrooms outdoors, heating and drying as the main processing means. The mode was developed to popularize technology of"science and technology, information + management and service + demonstration household + financial service + peasants + market". The following technical innovations have been made: (1) cultivation season: spring's cultivation time is later than Qingyuan and Gutian. The optimum time is from the middle 10-day period of February to the end of April. Autumn's cultivation time is 10-day earlier than Qinyang. The optimum time is the first 10-day of August. (2) The size of bag: 18 cm×63 cm as the major type, 20 cm×60 cm as alternative type. (3) The appropriate strains are 839, 939 and 9015. The rate for popularization and spread is 80%. (4) The proper mushroom-growing period is late autumn or winter with spring as alternative one. (5) sterilizing focuses on half unprocessed materials. (6) inoculation means focuses on opening way. (7) The products are evaluated as export flower mushroom and thick mushroom. (8) The production mode is mainly small size (3000-5000 bags per household). A wide series of technical enhancements has been initiated with respect to incubating fungi and mushroom growth management. Mode: the promotion methods should be used as participation mode, straightforward mode, and techniques attached with products mode; it should be emphasized the combination of scientific and technological demonstration, finance, techniques, commodities, and profits ;it should be concerned the participation of"three-eight"and"nine-nine"people ; it should be fully utilized idle production resources from peasants ;it shouldn't be neglected the lead by the market and government . The techniques are spread in Shangluo so quickly that it has been achieved much more economic, social and ecological benefits . |
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