| Loess hilly-gully region is one of the most serious areas of water drainage. Southern Ninxia hilly area shows most obvious signs in this respect. A Three-West special construction program was launched in 1983 and Shanghuang experimental area in Southern Ninxia hilly area was listed as a pilot area for comprehensive test. More than twenty years of comprehensive treatment and ecological research and practice has yielded tremendous achievements and experience. The following thesis, based on the research in Shanghuang experimental area and the analysis on the evolution of agriculture ecology-economy system, summed up some experience concerning Shanghuang experimental area, probed the corresponding measures to different periods of ecology-economy system and provided valuable data for the sustainable development of areas similar to loess hilly-gully region.The following conclusions are reached after research.1. The two decades of agriculture ecology-economic system evolution in the Shanghuang experimental area can be classified into 3 periods by adopting collective analysis: first period(1986-1999), comprehensive treatment period of agriculture ecology-economic system; second period(1999-2002), high-efficiency ecological agricultural construction period; third period(2002-2005)ecology-economic system enters a good cycle.2. From the aspects of changes in plant variety, income and employment, the primary features of each period are being discussed, that is, ecological system lays the corner stone of economical development which in turn ensures the ecological and environmental construction.3.Stage one, to optimize and regulate the structure of the land utilization. During this stage, the changes in the amount of cultivated land and forest are obvious. The spacial change reflects the conversion of the cultivated land to forest, grassland and garden land. the change of gardenland and forest is the fastest according to the trend of land utilization. The main driving force is to increase the output. Stage two, the structure of planting changes from grain production mode into "fruit-veg style", "fruit seedling style" "fruit preserving style", and yard production mode. The three main tech systems come into being at this stage and the main incentive is to increase of the income of peasants. Stage three, The labor force flows into fruit industry side industry, resturant industry and transportation industry from agriculture. The peasants' mind of management changes a lot. They realize the diversity of agriculture ecological system protecting and developing the resource consciously. economic benefit is the main driving force.4. Set up the regression equation among the elements of population, cultivated land, forest, grassland,uni-product, agriculture income, side product industry and per capita net income by using the reunity of various elements to predict the development trend of the experimental area by using gray model. The result shows that the cultivated land shrink year by year before 2015, the one of forest increases, so does the one of grassland. The inner structure shows as the increase of artificial grassland and decrease of natural grassland. The ecological environment is generally optimized.5. Based on the analysis of "the challenges and opportunities of development," to target at the problems of the Shanghuang experimental area, we may offer the following suggestions. (1) Stick to the combination of the orientation from market and government.( 2) Develop the unique agriculture according to the advantages of the area. (3) Strengthen the investment of labor force. (4) Lead the agriculture production with agriculture market.( 5) Strengthen the training of the peasants to enlarge their employment market. |
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