Study On The Influencing Factors Of Famers’ Willingness And Pattern Designing Of Scale Land Management In Loess Hilly And Gully Region

In the late1970s and early1980s, Chinese government carried out the household contract responsibility. It greatly liberated and developed rural labors and solved problem of lack of food and clothing to a certain extent. With the continuous development of market economic system and agricultural science, however, the situation of small-scale land management which was caused by household contract responsibility system has become an obstacle to the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In many countries, experience of agricultural development shows that under the conditions of permission of the policy, environment and labor force, scale land management is an effective way to transform the traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. Conducting the study of scale land management which is closely related to farmers’ interests, we must respect farmers’ willingness. China has a very vast area where there is obvious district difference. Pattern of scale land management should be selected according to local conditions. Only in these ways can the scale land management promote the increasing of farmers’ income, agricultural efficiency and rural development.The research process of this paper shows as follows:choosing Cha Kou Small Watershed which is located in the loess hilly and gully region as study area. Based on the document reading, the paper defined the relevant concept and theory of scale land management, meanwhile, domestic and foreign research trends about scale land management was summarized. Two questionnaires were designed to investigate the condition of scale land management of farmers of Cha Kou Small Watershed. Binary Logistic Regression method was used to analyze the investigation data of farmers’willingness of scale land management. Then the primary existing problems of influence factors were studied and different kinds of pattern which were suitable for different land use type were designed. At last, suggestions and measures were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The ratio of famers who were willing to participate in scale land management was68.42percent, which showed the high willingness of famers of taking part in scale land management. It was good for carrying out the work and the study of scale land management.(2)There were five influencing factors, including physical condition, major economic sources, cultivated land area of their homes, famers’age and whether rent their land, which were of significant influence on farmers’ willingness of scale land management. Among the factors, the first three factors showed positive correlation relationship with farmers’ willingness of scale land management. However, the last two factors showed negative correlation relationship.(3)Except for land tenancy, there were no other forms of land transfer such as pooling of land, making land into farmers’cooperatives, etc. This indicated the shortage of times of transfer, the simple of transfer form and the low enthusiasm of famers.(4)Currently, there were six key problems which limited the launch of scale land management: shortage and low quality of manpower, lack of policy and fund, fragmentation and big area gap of cultivated land, fewer times and simple form of land transaction, high demand of agricultural technology and lack of variable product category, poor conservation of water and soil and damage of environment.(5)Starting with solving the problem, supported by the government, guided by the market, and closed by farmers independently, five kinds of pattern of scale land management which were suitable for relevant land use type were designed:slope cropland area-accurate production pattern, dam area land-farmers cooperatives pattern, terrace area-contract after rent pattern, plain land of the mountaintop area-family farm pattern, garden plot area-service-oriented brand operation pattern.