The Relationship Energy Intensity And Technology Innovation Based Spatial Analysis

The aim of this paper is: (1) To test whether energy consumption per GDP have its spatial autocorrelation; (2) To test whether there is spatial correlation between energy consumption per GDP and technology innovation, what the relation is and why it exists.Energy is a key point to mankind survival, and vital strategic material for national economic and social development. China is a country with abundant energy, but in fact the energy supply can't meet with the demand of sustainable development. Energy is still a major factor to restrict economic growth. Especially in recent years, domestic energy consumption has grown so rapidly that the energy situation become more severe. Otherwise, with the transfer of world manufacture industry to China, high energy-consumed industry still develops. With the steady promotion of entirely constructing well-to-do society, life energy use and traffic energy use continuously increase. Energy shortage will exist in a long time.Therefore, our country focuses on energy problems, adopts a series of measures to reduce the energy consumption and obtains great achievements. At the present time, the eleventh five years project regard energy consumption per GDP as an important index which measures economic development, and prepares to vigorously reduce the energy intensity of the country and every province.Recently, many scholars take kinds of methods to analyze the influenced factors of energy consumption. It can be influenced by economic growth, industrial structure change, price change and technology progress and so on. Scholars pay more attention to the industries structure, they think optimizing industrial structure is the best way to reduce consumption. But the text thinks it is very hard to reduce energy consumption by optimizing industrial structure in a short time, and the technology innovation is the real way. It can be explained from three points: (1) from the oversea experience and Chinese practice. In the course of industrialization of developed countries, energy consumption per GDP begins to fall when the industry upgrades to high point, while China now is in the middle stage of industrialization, the proportion of heavy industry increases rapidly. (2) the third industry can be a long-term method of reducing energy consumption per GDP when the economic reaches a high level.(3) technology innovation is a fundamental factor of industrial structure adjustment.This text adopts R&D expenditure, the numbers of scientists and engineers, the number of patent authorization as the variables of technology innovation, and energy consumption per GDP as the explained variable. Through the spatial autocorrelation model of spatial econometrics, the text use Matlab to do the demonstration research of energy consumption per GDP and technology innovation from 30 provinces, cities and municipalities(excluding Tibet because of short of data). The research demonstrates that the energy consumption per GDP has the positive correlation between neighboring areas(refers to the areas whose geographic location is near, such as Zhejiang and Shanghai), while an area's technology innovation variables has a positive spatial effect on its neighbor's energy consumption per GDP. And the variable of R&D expenditure and the numbers of scientists and engineers has a higher spatial correlation on energy consumption per GDP than the number of patent authorization. The text considers "hitchhike" of technology innovation and local protectionism lead to the above results.