The Study On Economic Benefit Evaluation About Marine Development Activity

According to the type, the economic benefit evaluation on marine development activity can be divided into two kinds-the financial evaluation and the national economy evaluation. Generally speaking, the financial evaluation mainly takes the benefits of the marine project investors as the point of departure, which judges the project's financial feasibility by budgeting the profit ability and the repayment ability ; while the national economy evaluation takes the national and the social need as the point of departure, appraising the project's economical rationality by analyzing the expenses for the marine project investment of the national economy as well as the contribution to the national economy of the project.Because obtains the good economic efficiency is taken as the point of departure for all producing activity, it is necessary to carry on financial evaluation to marine development activity. However, dependent on the characteristics of marine resources -scarce, multifunctional, related, as well as the series of questions about the marine resources and environment, it is more urgent and important to carry on national economy evaluation to marine development activity.But in fact, due to the misconception that resources are priceless, in our country, the benefits of the marine development activity is appraised mainly by financial evaluation. This way takes maximizing the sea users'profits as the point of departure, and it only calculates the input and output during the production, instead of considering the cost for marine resources and the influence for marine environment and marine ecosystem services. So this method can not truly reflect the cost and the profit about the marine development activity, but will result in reckless and unplanned exploitation to marine resources and damages to marine environment and ecosystem. So, to reflect the value of the marine resources, marine environment and ecosystem adequately, and to calculate the cost and benefit of the marine development activity actually, the national economy evaluation must be strengthened. The concrete research contents are as follows:1. Combining the problems during the practices using the marine resources as well as the limitations of marine environment assessment and marine functional zoning on economic efficiency appraisal, this paper illustrates the topic background briefly and points out that the economy benefit evaluation on marine development activity has two kinds, including financial evaluation and national economy evaluation. Basing on the analysis about the value theories of marine resources and marine ecological environment as well as the characteristics of marine resources, this article elaborated the importance and necessity of the financial evaluation especially the national economy evaluation to the marine development activity.2. Explains the concepts and the principles related the marine economy benefits evaluation; Discusses the differences between the financial evaluation and the national economy evaluation on marine development activity emphatically.3. On the basis of the existing financial evaluation theories and combining with the features of the marine development activity, this paper confirms the programs and methods of the financial evaluation on marine projects and elaborates the questions that how to determine the account period and the financial discount rate.4. On the basis of the existing national economy evaluation theories and combining with the features of the marine development activity, this paper confirms the programs and methods of the national economy evaluation on marine projects; After having analyzed the reasons for external effects producing in the processes of using the sea, this paper discusses the recognition and the adjustment about the benefits and expenses of the marine development activity; With the aid of the benefit-cost ratio method, this paper draws out the route, by which we can carries on the national economy evaluation to the marine development activity. Besides, this article elaborates the value assessment of the marine environment and the marine ecosystem services.5. Taking Aoshan port construction project of Qingdao as the case, the paper has the study on national economy evaluation.On the base of the analysis about the development effect of a port, this article discusses the contents and the computational methods of the direct and the indirect national economy benefit about this project; Once more, this article illustrates the methods to calculate the restoration cost for marine environment and estimates the loss of marine ecosystem services cursorily—the result is 162,991,630 yuan. In addition, the paper elaborates the user cost for marine resources about this project.The innovations of the paper are: firstly, drawing out the route about the national economy evaluation on marine development activity; secondly, indicating that the indirect expenses of marine projects are made up of three parts- the user cost for marine resources and the restoring cost for marine environment as well as the degenerate cost for marine ecosystem services. But it has to point out that the quantitative analysis of the national economy benefits are inadequate, and the analysis about the case is too simple, which need further consummate.