The Analysis On The Decision Of Enterprise Logistics Outsourcing And The Measures

Since entering the eighties of the 20th century, the economy presented globalization, integrated trend. The customer's demand inclined to diversify and individuation. In order to meet customer's need and strengthen core ability, the business enterprise gave up the business model of "big and whole" in succession, the outsourcing becomes a current. As Grossman and Helpman said, "We are living in a time of outsourcing". Logistics outsourcing is the result that the outsourcing principle leads into the logistics management. And in recent years, business enterprises are much favor of logistics outsourcing. According to Essen wise company investigation for 2002, in the last 10 years, the application of the third party logistics in 500 strong business enterprises increased near 100%. Logistics outsourcing will become the theme of logistics development.Main task of the paper is to study enterprise's decision-making of logistics outsourcing, and offer a reference way to enterprise logistics outsourcing through comparing the present situation at home and abroad. It is based on corresponding theoretical foundation, such as Enterprise's core competitiveness theory, transaction cost theory, principal-agent theory, and competitive strategy theory. The paper is divided into the following several parts on the whole:The first part is the introduction of this article. Firstly, it introduces the writing background and significance of selecting the topic by consulting many correlative materials information, and point out that logistics outsourcing is the result of a deepening division of labor in society and the necessary requirement flit the integration of economy. Secondly, it summarizes the situation and progresses of logistics outsourcing research. Thirdly, it discusses the purpose of this article.The second part analyses the theories foundation of logistics outsourcing. Except some apparent reasons, the logistics outsourcing has developed swiftly because of the economic benefit brought to society in which it is rooted. This part of article analyses the theoretical background and the rationality of logistics outsourcing from the aspects of enterprise core competence theory, transaction cost theory, principal-agent theory and competition strategy theory. Base on enterprise core competence theory, the enterprises can focus their advantageous resources on core business and optimize their market strategies to win competitive edge by outsourcing their non-core activities to logistics service providers. Transaction cost decides self-run logistics or outsourcing. Principal-agent theory discussed how to design a mutually acceptable contract when the demanders and the suppliers sail in the different boat. It is impossible to have advantage at any value chain link, therefore, the enterprises should focus their attention on some advantageous links and outsourcing their disadvantageous links to logistics service providers to get competitive advantage through the best value chain.The third part analyses and compares the present situation at home and abroad. Firstly, it takes America, Europe and Japan for example, analyses the developing situation of the logistics outsourcing at abroad, and point out that logistics outsourcing business passed through several dozens years development at abroad had the quite mature pattern and perfect administration system and manners. Secondly, it analyses the developing situation of the logistics outsourcing at home from the aspect of market demand and supply, thus points out that the logistics outsourcing market is in its infancy and growing phase with rapid growing speed and much faultiness. Thirdly, through comparing with foreign countries, it can be seen that there is a big gap comparing to abroad, such as an imperfect market and limited capability of service providers. Moreover, the consciousness and degree of enterprise logistics outsourcing is far removed from the developed countries abroad.The forth part analyses the trend and the problems of logistic outsourcing in China on the basic of the last part. Although having a good future prospect and broad space for development, our logistics enterprises have got a lot of problems about system and management: the obstacles of system and enterprise concept; the mistakes of decision-making; the wrong choice of supplying corporation; the imperfect supervising and effect-evaluation system; the lacking of experts and scientific measure standard of logistics management, and credit and moral hazard. These problems lead up to the difficulties to work out the decision of logistics outsourcing which is suitable. Therefore, it means much to understand the problems properly. The fifth part, from the above analysis, we can see that the logistic outsourcing of our country has a lot of restricted factors which become obstacles to lead up to a lower level compared with foreign countries. In order to assure the development of it, the chapter first proposes some countermeasures from the macro aspect, such as a good environment for it, the standards to speed up the logistics, the solid infrastructure of it, and quicken training of human resources. Then it proposes the measures from the aspect of enterprise. These measures include conquering the obstacles of concept and system, placing people with expertise, formulating the proper decision according to the development of the enterprise, choosing proper outsourcing service providers, signing exact corporation agreement, thus improving systems for monitoring and evaluation.The sixth part makes a brief summary for the article.