The Research On The Agricultural Technology Improvement Of The State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm In Henan Province, 1951-1965

In June, 1938, the Huayuankou burst a dike, which created "the Huanghe River flooded area" in 3 provinces 44 counties area, including the east Henan, the northern Anhui and the northern Jiangsu. "The Huanghe River flooded area" became a proper noun in the history which was after the Huayuankou burst in 1938, and continued to use until now, referring to the Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu plain area which had been flooded by the Huayuankou burst. Although the authorities rescued "the Huanghe River flooded area" in every way (e.g.: the United Nations Relief Department, the Executive Department of the UNRRA, the Revival Bureau of the Huanghe River Flooded Area of the Executive Department and so on), the economy of the Huanghe River flooded area is at "the low level continuing" condition before the People's Republic of China was established. But after the People's Republic of China was founded, the Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm established in this area brought the new vitality to this local economy's revival and the new hope to the local economical restoration and the reconstruction by the advanced agricultural science and technology. On the basis the summary of the academic circle, taking the theory which the technological progress had affected the agricultural development as the basis, this article ,utilizing the firsthand information preserved by in the archive office of the State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm, has reviewed the agricultural technology development course since the State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm was established and has introduced the great achievement in the technology of the soil amelioration, the cropping system and technology, the fertilizer technology, the crops' improvement of varieties technology, the irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure technology, as well as the technical development of agricultural mechanization, and has analyzed the major effect which the agricultural technology development created at this time, then has discussed the reason which the agricultural technology improvement obtained the economical achievements. This article thinks that in the early years of the People's Republic of China, the agriculture of the Huanghe River flooded area fell in the backwardness condition, the State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm first used and improved the promotion advanced agricultural technology since it is established. The advanced agricultural technology adopted and promoted had caused crop yield increasing, labor productivity improving. By inspecting the relation between the agricultural technique and the agricultural output value of the Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm, I find that from the Farm established , 1951,to the Great Cultural Revolution, despite of the impact of political movements, the agricultural technology and the agricultural production of the State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm had actually been in a state of the development, moreover, the State-operated Huanghe River Flooded Area Farm demonstrated the role model in the agricultural collectivization and showed the influential role in the agriculture modernization construction.