Study On The Chemical Fertilizer Application Of Farming System In Fujian Province

This study was mainly completed according to the original data of pollution source census, during the author participated in the first agricultural pollution sources census in Fujian province. A systemic investigation and analysis of Fujian chemical fertilizer farming were carried out by using the sample survey of households and statistical and mathematical methods combined with the statistics and documents in order to provide a reference for the reasonable application of chemical fertilizers in Fujian province.In introducing the background of subjects, research significance and general situations of the research at home and abroad, the study introduced the natural and geographical conditions, socio-economic profile and agricultural profile in Fujian province. The study focused on the analysis of chemical fertilizer farming in Fujian province. The fertilizer nutrients input and the main crop fertilizer consumption structure in Fujian province were specifically analyzed by calculating the per unit area applied quantity of fertilizer nutrients, using the weighted arithmetic average method weights by the area. The results showed as follow:There were significant differences of fertilizer input in different times. During last decade, chemical fertilizer input in Fujian province had a smaller increase after 2001 year, or even appeared to decrease in a few years. There were significant differences of fertilizer input in different regions in Fujian province. In different cities of Fujian, the highest application rate of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N + P2O5 + K20) fertilizers was in region of Xiamen, accounting for 559.91kg/hm2, and the lowest was in region of Putian, accounting for 157.84kg/hm2. The average ratio of N:P:K was 1:0.62:0.65 in all crops. There were also significant differences of fertilizer application rate in different crops. Fertilizer application rate was lower in grain crops and higher in vegetables, accounting for 131.59 kg/hm2 in grain crops and 306.06kg/hm2 in vegetables. The amount of fertilizer consumption in vegetables was about twice than that in grain crops.Among grain crops, the proportion of actual consumption of urea and ammonium bicarbonate was 39% of total fertilizer consumption, while the proportion of NPK actual consumption of compound fertilizers was 30%. The proportion of actual consumption of NPK compound fertilizers accounted for 63% on fruit and vegetable, and 61% on tea for their fertilizer actual consumptions.There were some problems about fertilizer application of Fujian province, such as the shortage of organic fertilizer application, uneven fertilizing species, unreasonable ratio structure, aggragated non-point pollution, unreasonable regional distribution.Solutions of fertilizer application in Fujian province had been proposed to the problems existing in fertilizer application in Fujian province, include to raise the ecological awareness of farmers, develop organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, adjust the structure of chemical fertilizer varieties, create a balanced fertilizer application system, carry on the soil testing and formulated fertilization, etc.