| Enterprise safety operation and environmental protection issues are getting a shift of focus with economics development. In recent years, there is a high incidence of sudden water pollution accidents brought by chemical industry projects nearby waters in our country, such as Tuojiang water pollution events, the Songhua River water pollution events and so on. It not only brings a great impact on the development of chemical industry, but also makes a serious damage to Eco-environment of the area nearby waters. This paper focuses on the theory and practice of the accident-causing model and risk assessment for chemical accidental water pollution busted in area nearby waters, analyzes and improves the deficiency of the safety and environmental access system for chemical investment projects in area nearby waters, and therefore has certain practical meaning.The paper reviews both domestic and foreign researches regarding accidental water pollution, analyzes the characteristics and the causes of the chemical accidental water pollution busted in area nearby waters, and proposes the chemical accidental water pollution causation theory and model based on the accident-causing theory and the real condition of chemical accidental water pollution nearby waters in our country. The model separates the occurring process of the chemical accidental water pollution into two stages, which are the stage of the primary chemical accident happens and the stage of the secondarily polluted water bursts. It considers that the foundation defect is the essential cause of the primary chemical accident, such as the defect of school education, social, history, physical, mental and so on. And the foundation defect gives birth to the shortage of safety education, dangerous recognition, management error and so on. Then, these shortages further bring on worker's unsafe acts, hazard's change, company's weak emergency control, and consequently cause the primary chemical accident when the hazard's safety state changed suddenly, which lead to the casualty and the economical loss. While the secondarily polluted water bursts is the result of company's weak emergency control or weak regional emergency control. This model has a certain practical application value through applying it to analyze case of the Songhua River water pollution events.According to the relevant knowledge of fuzzy mathematics and risk assessment, the paper proposes the fuzzy risk evaluation model of chemical accidental water pollution in area nearby waters based on the chemical accidental water pollution causation model. It can be consisted of 50 risk assessment parameters which include 4 aspects(inherent hazard of projects, accident prevention ability, company's emergency control ,regional emergency control), and the weight of each index is determined by the AHR Then, it proves the model's feasibility and practicability through applying it to analyze a chemical investment project case.Finally, the paper points out the deficiency of the safety and environment admittance for chemical investment project nearby waters based on study above, which includes safety of the production system and process, safety device, safety management level, the regional emergency rescue plan and it's evaluation, unit qualification, investment scale, wastewater treatment ability, risk guarantee and so on. Then, it brings forward some advice and countermeasures for these deficiencies. |
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